Measurement of cortical elasticity in Drosophila melanogaster embryos using ferrofluids
| Autor: | Michael Swan, Eric Wieschaus, Konstantin Doubrovinski, Oleg Polyakov |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cytoplasm Embryo Nonmammalian Microinjections Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs media_common.quotation_subject Morphogenesis Nanotechnology 01 natural sciences Giant Cells Models Biological Quantitative Biology::Cell Behavior 03 medical and health sciences Magnetics 0103 physical sciences Animals Elasticity (economics) 010306 general physics Internalization Magnetite Nanoparticles Cytoskeleton media_common Multidisciplinary biology Chemistry Viscosity Gastrulation Embryo Epithelial Cells Biological Sciences Actin cytoskeleton biology.organism_classification Elasticity 030104 developmental biology Drosophila melanogaster Biophysics Magnets Stress Mechanical Rheology |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 114(5) |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 |
| Popis: | Many models of morphogenesis are forced to assume specific mechanical properties of cells, because the actual mechanical properties of living tissues are largely unknown. Here, we measure the rheology of epithelial cells in the cellularizing Drosophila embryo by injecting magnetic particles and studying their response to external actuation. We establish that, on timescales relevant to epithelial morphogenesis, the cytoplasm is predominantly viscous, whereas the cellular cortex is elastic. The timescale of elastic stress relaxation has a lower bound of 4 min, which is comparable to the time required for internalization of the ventral furrow during gastrulation. The cytoplasm was measured to be ∼103-fold as viscous as water. We show that elasticity depends on the actin cytoskeleton and conclude by discussing how these results relate to existing mechanical models of morphogenesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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