Seasonal patterns in Arctic prasinophytes and inferred ecology of Bathycoccus unveiled in an Arctic winter metagenome
| Autor: | Nathalie Joli, Adam Monier, Connie Lovejoy, Ramiro Logares |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Fonds de Recherche du Québec |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Oceans and Seas Microbiology 18S ribosomal RNA Bathycoccus 03 medical and health sciences Phylogenetics Chlorophyta Phytoplankton Photosynthesis Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Phylogeny Micromonas biology Ecology Arctic Regions Pelagic zone biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Arctic Upwelling Metagenome Original Article Metagenomics Seasons geographic locations Genome Plant |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| Popis: | 14 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, supplementary Information https://www.nature.com/ismej/journal/v11/n6/suppinfo/ismej20177s1.html Prasinophytes occur in all oceans but rarely dominate phytoplankton populations. In contrast, a single ecotype of the prasinophyte Micromonas is frequently the most abundant photosynthetic taxon reported in the Arctic from summer through autumn. However, seasonal dynamics of prasinophytes outside of this period are little known. To address this, we analyzed high-throughput V4 18S rRNA amplicon data collected from November to July in the Amundsen Gulf Region, Beaufort Sea, Arctic. Surprisingly during polar sunset in November and December, we found a high proportion of reads from both DNA and RNA belonging to another prasinophyte, Bathycoccus. We then analyzed a metagenome from a December sample and the resulting Bathycoccus metagenome assembled genome (MAG) covered ~90% of the Bathycoccus Ban7 reference genome. In contrast, only ~20% of a reference Micromonas genome was found in the metagenome. Our phylogenetic analysis of marker genes placed the Arctic Bathycoccus in the B1 coastal clade. In addition, substitution rates of 129 coding DNA sequences were ~1.6% divergent between the Arctic MAG and coastal Chilean upwelling MAGs and 17.3% between it and a South East Atlantic open ocean MAG in the B2 Clade. The metagenomic analysis also revealed a winter viral community highly skewed toward viruses targeting Micromonas, with a much lower diversity of viruses targeting Bathycoccus. Overall a combination of Micromonas being relatively less able to maintain activity under dark winter conditions and viral suppression of Micromonas may have contributed to the success of Bathycoccus in the Amundsen Gulf during winter This study was part of the Circumpolar Flaw Lead—International Polar Year (CFL-IPY) study supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), and the Network of Centers of Excellence ArcticNet. NJ received scholarships from Université Laval and the Canadian Excellence Research Chair—Remote Sensing of Canada’s New Arctic Frontier (CERC) grant to Marcel Babin. Additional support came from an NSERC Discovery and Northern Supplement grants to CL and the Fonds de recherche du Québec Nature et Technologies (FRQNT) to Quebéc-Océan |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|