Adapting in the Arctic: Habitual activity and landscape interaction in Late Holocene hunter‐gatherers from Alaska
| Autor: | David R. Hunt, Emily R. Rosa, Christopher B. Ruff, Daniel H. Temple |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0106 biological sciences Adaptive strategies Human Migration Fishing Native Alaskan 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Anthropology Physical Habits parasitic diseases Humans 0601 history and archaeology Femur Holocene Appetitive Behavior Sex Characteristics 060101 anthropology Anatomy Cross-Sectional Tibia Ecology Sedentism 06 humanities and the arts Middle Aged The arctic Sexual dimorphism Geography Anthropology Female Diaphyses Anatomy Bay Alaska geographic locations |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 176:3-20 |
| ISSN: | 1096-8644 0002-9483 |
| DOI: | 10.1002/ajpa.24250 |
| Popis: | Objectives This study compares lower limb diaphyseal robusticity between Native Alaskan hunter-gatherers to reconstruct patterns of mobility and engagement with terrain. Materials and methods Ancestral remains included in this study date between 600 and 1800 C.E. and were divided into three regions: Coastal Bay, Far North Coastal, and Inland/Riverine. Cross-sectional properties were determined at femoral and tibial midshafts and standardized by powers of body mass and bone length. Results Consistently elaevated areas and second moments of area were found in ancestral remains from the Far North Coastal, while the Coastal Bay remains had reduced diaphyseal robusticity. Individuals from the Inland/Riverine region were intermediate in robusticity for male femora, but similar to the Coastal Bay group for females. Sexual dimorphism was greatest in the Inland/Riverine ancestral remains and comparable between Coastal Bay and Far North Coastal regions. Conclusions Ancestral remains from the Far North Coastal region have the greatest diaphyseal robusticity in response to intensive hunting and travel over rugged terrain. Reduced sexual dimorphism in the Far North Coastal region suggest female participation in hunting activities. Intermediate diaphyseal robusticity among Inland/Riverine males and increased sexual dimorphism reflects diverse patterns of mobility in relation to the hunting cycle between males and females. Reduced diaphyseal robusticity and sexual dimorphism among the Coastal Bay group is associated with sedentary villages established around net fishing in regions with low relief. Such findings argue against technocentric views of sedentism in hunter-gatherer lifeways and generally reflect diverse adaptive strategies and interaction with local terrain among Indigenous Late Holocene hunter-gatherers of Alaska. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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