Lessons from the post-genomic era: Globin diversity beyond oxygen binding and transport
| Autor: | Ilaria M.C. Orlando, Miguel Correia, Serge N. Vinogradov, David Hoogewijs, Anna Keppner, Darko Maric, Teng Wei Koay |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Clinical Biochemistry Neuroglobin Bacterial genome size Review Article Biochemistry Evolution Molecular 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine hemic and lymphatic diseases Animals Globin Hemoglobin Hypoxia lcsh:QH301-705.5 Cancer Genetics lcsh:R5-920 biology Myoglobin Organic Chemistry Cytoglobin Oxygen transport Nitric oxide Genomics biology.organism_classification Globins Oxygen 030104 developmental biology lcsh:Biology (General) Oxidative stress Vertebrates Eukaryote Sequence motif lcsh:Medicine (General) 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Oxygen binding |
| Zdroj: | Redox Biology, Vol 37, Iss, Pp 101687-(2020) Redox Biology |
| ISSN: | 2213-2317 |
| Popis: | Vertebrate hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin (Mb) were among the first proteins whose structures and sequences were determined over 50 years ago. In the subsequent pregenomic period, numerous related proteins came to light in plants, invertebrates and bacteria, that shared the myoglobin fold, a signature sequence motif characteristic of a 3-on-3 α-helical sandwich. Concomitantly, eukaryote and bacterial globins with a truncated 2-on-2 α-helical fold were discovered. Genomic information over the last 20 years has dramatically expanded the list of known globins, demonstrating their existence in a limited number of archaeal genomes, a majority of bacterial genomes and an overwhelming majority of eukaryote genomes. In vertebrates, 6 additional globin types were identified, namely neuroglobin (Ngb), cytoglobin (Cygb), globin E (GbE), globin X (GbX), globin Y (GbY) and androglobin (Adgb). Furthermore, functions beyond the familiar oxygen transport and storage have been discovered within the vertebrate globin family, including NO metabolism, peroxidase activity, scavenging of free radicals, and signaling functions. The extension of the knowledge on globin functions suggests that the original roles of bacterial globins must have been enzymatic, involved in defense against NO toxicity, and perhaps also as sensors of O2, regulating taxis away or towards high O2 concentrations. In this review, we aimed to discuss the evolution and remarkable functional diversity of vertebrate globins with particular focus on the variety of non-canonical expression sites of mammalian globins and their according impressive variability of atypical functions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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