Particulate air pollution and acute health effects
| Autor: | William MacNee, Ken Donaldson, Anthony Seaton, D J Godden |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1995 |
| Předmět: |
Pollution
medicine.medical_specialty Pathology media_common.quotation_subject Respiratory Tract Diseases Air pollution medicine.disease_cause Meta-Analysis as Topic Air Pollution Environmental health Epidemiology medicine Humans Particle Size Blood Coagulation media_common Inflammation Pollutant Air Pollutants business.industry Respiratory disease General Medicine Particulates medicine.disease Particulate air pollution Pulmonary Alveoli Cardiovascular Diseases Lung disease Inflammation Mediators business |
| Zdroj: | The Lancet. 345:176-178 |
| ISSN: | 0140-6736 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90173-6 |
| Popis: | Epidemiological studies have consistently shown an association between particulate air pollution and not only exacerbations of illness in people with respiratory disease but also rises in the numbers of deaths from cardiovascular and respiratory disease among older people. Meta-analyses of these studies indicate that the associations are unlikely to be explained by any confounder, and suggest that they represent cause and effect. We propose that the explanation lies in the nature of the urban particulate cloud, which may contain up to 100000 nanometer-sized particles per mL, in what may be a gravimetric concentration of only 100-200 micrograms/m3 of pollutant. We suggest that such ultra-fine particles are able to provoke alveolar inflammation, with release of mediators capable, in susceptible individuals, of causing exacerbations of lung disease and of increasing blood coagulability, thus also explaining the observed increases in cardiovascular deaths associated with urban pollution episodes. This hypothesis is testable both experimentally and epidemiologically. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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