Community Level Correlates of Low Birthweight Among African American, Hispanic and White Women in California

Autor: Denise Herd, Lillian G. Remer, Sylvia Guendelman, Paul J. Gruenewald
Rok vydání: 2015
Předmět:
Gerontology
Epidemiology
Hispanics
Ethnic group
Alcohol abuse
Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn
Medical and Health Sciences
California
Community level indicators
Alcohol Use and Health
Substance Misuse
Race (biology)
Pregnancy
Residence Characteristics
Infant Mortality
African Americans
Pediatric
Drugs
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Hispanic or Latino
Census
Alcoholism
Studies in Human Society
Socioeconomic status
Neighborhoods
Female
Public Health
Alcohol
medicine.medical_specialty
Low birthweight
Basic Behavioral and Social Science
Article
White People
Preterm
Behavioral and Social Science
medicine
Humans
Family
Tobit model
White (horse)
Whites
business.industry
Prevention
Public health
Racial Groups
Low Birth Weight
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Infant
Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period
Infant
Low Birth Weight
medicine.disease
United States
Brain Disorders
Black or African American
Good Health and Well Being
Socioeconomic Factors
Pediatrics
Perinatology and Child Health
business
Demography
Zdroj: Maternal and child health journal, vol 19, iss 10
ISSN: 1573-6628
1092-7875
DOI: 10.1007/s10995-015-1744-8
Popis: ObjectivesRacial and ethnic groups in the US exhibit major differences in low birthweight (LBW) rates. While previous studies have shown that community level social indicators associated with LBW vary by race and ethnicity, it is not known whether these differences exist among racial or ethnic groups who live in the same neighborhood or community. To address this question, we examined the association of community level features with LBW among African American, White and Hispanic women who live in similar geographic areas.MethodsThe analysis is based on geocoded birth certificates for all singleton live births in the year 2000 to women residing in 805 California ZIP codes. Community level social and demographic data were obtained from U.S. Census data files for the year 2000 and surrogate indices of population level alcohol and drug abuse and dependence were derived from hospital discharge data (HDD). Tobit and bootstrap analyses were used to test associations with birth outcomes, maternal characteristics, and community level social and demographic features within and across the three groups of women living in similar geographic areas.ResultsThe results demonstrate major racial and ethnic differences in community level correlates of LBW. Rates of LBW among African Americans were lower if they lived in areas that were more densely populated, had greater income disparities, were more racially segregated, and had low rates of alcohol abuse or dependence. These associations were different or absent for Hispanic and White women.Conclusions for practiceThe results suggest that despite living in the same areas, major differences in neighborhood features and social processes are linked to birth outcomes of African American women compared to Hispanic and White women. Further research, especially using multilevel approaches, is needed to precisely identify these differences to help reduce racial and ethnic disparities in LBW.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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