Ship navigation disturbance alters multiphase distribution of perfluoroalkyl acids and increases their ecological risk in waterways
| Autor: | Yixin Ma, Peng Wang, Zulin Hua, Yundong Yang, Ying Lu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Suspended solids
Persistent organic pollutant Fluorocarbons Environmental Engineering Water transport 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Sediment 010501 environmental sciences Particulates 01 natural sciences Pollution Pore water pressure Disturbance (ecology) Alkanesulfonic Acids Environmental chemistry Environmental Chemistry Environmental science Water pollution Waste Management and Disposal Ships Water Pollutants Chemical 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | The Science of the total environment. 793 |
| ISSN: | 1879-1026 |
| Popis: | As a global persistent organic pollutant, perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) have aroused great public concern. However, little is known regarding the effect of ship navigation disturbance on the transport and fate of PFAAs in inland waterways developed regions. In the present study, overlying water, pore water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment were collected from waterways (WWs), non-navigable channels (NCs), and ports (PTs) in Taihu Lake Basin. The results revealed that the total concentrations of PFAAs (ΣPFAAs) in WWs, NCs, and PTs varied considerably in different media. In overlying water, the mean ΣPFAAs in WWs were the highest, while those of NCs were relatively higher in the remaining three media. A comparison of PFAA distribution coefficients revealed that the values in NCs were generally higher than those of WWs and PTs, suggesting the critical role of ship navigation in PFAA transport. Furthermore, a structural equation model was applied to estimate direct and indirect effects of environmental factors on PFAA partitioning behavior. The results revealed that ship traffic volume (STV) exerted indirect effects on PFAA distribution between solid and dissolved phases by influencing dissolved oxygen, total suspended solid concentration, clay and sand contents, and median diameter. PFAAs were more readily to be released into overlying water from pore water than in sediment, and the ΣPFAAs carried per gram of SPM decreased with an increase in STV. Ecological risk assessment and Monte Carlo simulation results revealed that ship navigation could exert adverse effects on aquatic organisms, making the average probability of RQmix values to exceed corresponding risk values in WWs, which were 1.3-2-fold higher than in NCs. The present study provides crucial information for simulating the environmental behaviors of PFAAs under the influence of ship navigation and is significant for the integration of inland water transport development and aquatic environmental protection. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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