Long-term influence of early human occupations on current forests of the Guiana Shield

Autor: Etienne Dambrine, Julien Engel, Daniel Sabatier, Pascal Petronelli, Bruno Hérault, Sylvie Jérémie, Mathilde Desprez, Olivier Brunaux, Jean-François Molino, Maxime Burst, Vincent Freycon, Mickaël Mestre, Bruno Ferry, Guillaume Odonne, Martijn van den Bel, Miléna Bruno, Pierre Grenand, Damien Davy
Přispěvatelé: Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), SILVA (SILVA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Lorraine (UL), Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], INRA - Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées (Unité MIAJ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Observatoire Hommes/Milieux 'Oyapock', Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Forêts et Sociétés (Cirad-Es-UPR 105 Forêts et Sociétés), Département Environnements et Sociétés (Cirad-ES), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), IRD/CNRS-OHM Oyapock, ANR-11-LABX-0010/11-LABX-0010,LabEx DRIIHM,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), ANR: 10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Forêts et Sociétés (UPR Forêts et Sociétés), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), ANR-11-LABX-0010,DRIIHM / IRDHEI,Dispositif de recherche interdisciplinaire sur les Interactions Hommes-Milieux(2011), ANR-10-LABX-0025,CEBA,CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia(2010)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
0106 biological sciences
Beta diversity
Ethnobotany
Historical ecology
population
forêt tropicale
Arecaceae
ring-ditched hills
Forests
[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics
Phylogenetics and taxonomy
01 natural sciences
Basal area
Trees
ethnobotany
K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales
Forêt tropicale humide
education.field_of_study
biology
Amazon rainforest
Ecology
pre-Columbian settlements
[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics
E51 - Population rurale
French Guiana
Geography
Archaeology
P01 - Conservation de la nature et ressources foncières
Brazil
Population
Context (language use)
010603 evolutionary biology
[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment/Ecosystems
Amazonian forest
Humans
E50 - Sociologie rurale
Occupations
education
Ecology
Evolution
Behavior and Systematics
historical ecology
010604 marine biology & hydrobiology
Impact sur l'environnement
archaeology
15. Life on land
biology.organism_classification
Ring-ditched hills
Guiana Shield
Alpha diversity
[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Pre-Columbian settlements
Éthnobotanique
Zdroj: Ecology (0012-9658) (Wiley), 2019-10, Vol. 100, N. 10, P. e02806 (14p.)
Ecology
Ecology, Ecological Society of America, 2019, 100 (10), pp.e02806. ⟨10.1002/ecy.2806⟩
ISSN: 0012-9658
DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2806⟩
Popis: International audience; To decipher the long-term influences of pre-Columbian land occupations on contemporary forest structure, diversity, and functioning in Amazonia, most of the previous research focused on the alluvial plains of the major rivers of the Amazon basin. Terra firme, that is, nonflooded forests, particularly from the Guiana Shield, are yet to be explored. In this study, we aim to give new insights into the subtle traces of pre-Columbian influences on present-day forests given the archaeological context of terra firme forests of the Guiana Shield. Following archaeological prospects on 13 sites in French Guiana, we carried out forest inventories inside and outside archaeological sites and assessed the potential pre-Columbian use of the sampled tree species using an original ethnobotanical database of the Guiana Shield region. Aboveground biomass (320 and 380 T/ha, respectively), basal area (25–30 and 30–35 m2/ha, respectively), and tree density (550 and 700 stem/ha, respectively) were all significantly lower on anthropized plots (As) than on nonanthropized plots (NAs). Ancient human presence shaped the species composition of the sampled forests with Arecaceae, Burseraceae, and Lauraceae significantly more frequent in As and Annonaceae and Lecythidaceae more frequent in NAs. Although alpha diversity was not different between As and NAs, the presence of pre-Columbian sites enhances significantly the forest beta diversity at the landscape level. Finally, trees with edible fruits are positively associated with pre-Columbian sites, whereas trees used for construction or for their bark are negatively associated with pre-Columbian sites. Half a millennium after their abandonment, former occupied places from the inner Guiana Shield still bear noticeable differences with nonanthropized places. Considering the lack of data concerning archaeology of terra firme Amazonian forests, our results suggest that pre-Columbian influences on the structure (lower current biomass), diversity (higher beta diversity), and composition (linked to the past human tree uses) of current Amazonian forests might be more important than previously thought.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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