Investigation of chocolate produced from four different Brazilian varieties of cocoa ( Theobroma cacao L.) inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae
| Autor: | Adriana Reis de Andrade Silva, Cíntia Lacerda Ramos, Ana Carla Marques Pinheiro, Rosane Freitas Schwan, Nádia Nara Batista, Priscila Efraim, Aline Galvão Tavares Menezes |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Chocolate Flavor education.field_of_study biology Theobroma Population 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences biology.organism_classification 040401 food science 01 natural sciences Sensory analysis chemistry.chemical_compound 0404 agricultural biotechnology chemistry 010608 biotechnology Hanseniaspora guilliermondii Fermentation Food science Caffeine education Aroma Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Food Research International. 81:83-90 |
| ISSN: | 0963-9969 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.foodres.2015.12.036 |
| Popis: | Properly conducted cocoa fermentation is an important step for the production of high-quality chocolate. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of four cocoa varieties (CCN51, PS1030, FA13, and CEPEC 2004) inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae CA11 on microbial communities and the profile of volatile compounds and sensory characteristics of chocolate. The S. cerevisiae population increased significantly (p S. cerevisiae and Hanseniaspora guilliermondii , while Lactobacillus casei and Gluconobacter oxidans were the predominant bacteria in the four different fermentations analyzed. Sixty-one volatile compounds—including aldehydes (11), ketones (10), esters (14), acids (8), alcohols (8), pyrazines (5), furans (3), and others (caffeine and heptadecane)—were detected and quantified by GC–MS in the different chocolates. The sensory analysis showed that caramel was perceptible in the chocolate of PS1030, while CEPEC2004 was related to astringency, bitterness, and chocolate flavor attributes. The chocolates produced from FA13 and CCN51 were more similar in terms of sour and chocolate aroma. A “temporal dominance of sensation” (TDS) analysis showed that although the bitter attribute was dominant, the fruity, sweet, sour, astringent, and cocoa attributes were also perceptible, depending on the cocoa variety. These results suggest that the cocoa varieties had an influence on the chocolate's quality, which should be considered to obtain chocolate with different sensory characteristics or for better standardization of the process, even when using yeast as a starter culture. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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