Blast Exposure Impairs Sensory Gating: Evidence from Measures of Acoustic Startle and Auditory Event-Related Potentials
| Autor: | Daniel Storzbach, Megan L. Callahan, Frederick J. Gallun, Miranda M. Lim, Melissa A. Papesh, Jonathan E. Elliott |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 030506 rehabilitation medicine.medical_specialty Reflex Startle Traumatic brain injury Auditory event media_common.quotation_subject Sensory system Audiology veteran Auditory cortex 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Blast Injuries Perception Brain Injuries Traumatic TBI Medicine Humans Habituation Habituation Psychophysiologic media_common Veterans Sensory gating business.industry Original Articles Middle Aged Sensory Gating medicine.disease electrophysiology medicine.anatomical_structure hearing Acoustic Startle Reflex Auditory Perception Evoked Potentials Auditory Female Neurology (clinical) post-traumatic stress 0305 other medical science business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Neurotrauma |
| ISSN: | 1557-9042 |
| Popis: | Many military service members and veterans who have been exposed to high-intensity blast waves experience traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting in chronic auditory deficits despite normal hearing sensitivity. The current study sought to examine the neurological cause of this chronic dysfunction by testing the hypothesis that blast exposure leads to impaired filtering of sensory information at brainstem and early cortical levels. Groups of blast-exposed and non-blast-exposed participants completed self-report measures of auditory and neurobehavioral status, auditory perceptual tasks involving degraded and competing speech stimuli, and physiological measures of sensory gating, including pre-pulse inhibition and habituation of the acoustic startle reflex and electrophysiological assessment of a paired-click sensory gating paradigm. Blast-exposed participants showed significantly reduced habituation to acoustic startle stimuli and impaired filtering of redundant sensory information at the level the auditory cortex. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that poorer sensory gating at the cortical level was primarily influenced by a diagnosis of TBI, whereas reduced habituation was primarily influenced by a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder. A statistical model was created including cortical sensory gating and habituation to acoustic startle, which strongly predicted performance on a degraded speech task. These results support the hypothesis that blast exposure impairs central auditory processing via impairment of neural mechanisms underlying habituation and sensory gating. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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