Diphtheria Epidemic in the Republic of Uzbekistan, 1993–1996
| Autor: | Mark Grabowsky, Abigail Shefer, Charles Vitek, B. I. Niyazmatov |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine Adolescent National Health Programs Diphtheria Toxoid complex mixtures Disease Outbreaks Herd immunity Age Distribution Tetanus Toxoid medicine Humans Immunology and Allergy Vaccines Combined Child Disease Notification Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine Corynebacterium diphtheriae biology Immunization Programs Incidence Diphtheria Vaccination Infant Newborn Infant Outbreak Uzbekistan biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Virology Uzbek language.human_language Infectious Diseases Geography Immunization Child Preschool Population Surveillance language Demography |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 181:S104-S109 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1086/315548 |
| Popis: | The Republic of Uzbekistan, like the other Newly Independent States in the 1990s, experienced epidemic diphtheria during the 1990s. The outbreak in Uzbekistan began in 1993 in southern regions that bordered areas of Tajikistan that were experiencing a very intense diphtheria epidemic. However, the Uzbek epidemic rapidly spread and threatened to involve the entire country. From 1993-1996, 1169 cases of diphtheria were reported, compared with 58 in 1990-1992. Unvaccinated or only partially vaccinated cases were more likely to have clinically severe forms of diphtheria than those who were fully vaccinated. Strong epidemiologic links with the Tajik diphtheria epidemic and the predominance of mitis biotype strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in Uzbekistan make it likely that the Uzbek outbreak arose independently of the predominantly biotype gravis epidemic that began in Russia. The epidemic appeared to be due to low population immunity and the large-scale reintroduction of toxigenic strains of C. diphtheriae. Several mass vaccination campaigns and general enhancement of routine immunization procedures led to control of the epidemic in 1996. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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