A demographic and evolutionary analysis of maternal effect senescence
| Autor: | Hal Caswell, Kristin E. Gribble, Silke F. van Daalen, Christina M. Hernandez, Michael G. Neubert |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Theoretical and Computational Ecology (IBED, FNWI) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Senescence Male demography Time Factors Offspring Evolution media_common.quotation_subject Population Rotifera Fertility Biology 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Models Biological 03 medical and health sciences Animals Humans education Selection (genetic algorithm) media_common education.field_of_study Multidisciplinary selection gradients Reproduction aging Maternal effect Biological Sciences Biological Evolution fitness 030104 developmental biology Reduced fertility maternal effects Female Maternal Inheritance Matrix population models Demography |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(28), 16431-16437. National Academy of Sciences Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
| ISSN: | 0027-8424 |
| Popis: | Significance Maternal effect senescence, the decline in offspring quality with increasing maternal age, is common in animals despite its negative impact on fitness. To understand how maternal effect senescence might evolve, we built matrix population models to calculate selection gradients on survival and fertility as functions of maternal age. We estimated the model’s parameters with data from an aquatic invertebrate. The strength of selection eventually declines with age and maternal age, implying that maternal effect senescence could be favored by selection and evolve in the same way as senescence. Our framework can be applied to investigate maternal effect senescence in organisms with diverse life histories and unifies the demographic approaches to age-related and maternal effect senescence. Maternal effect senescence—a decline in offspring survival or fertility with maternal age—has been demonstrated in many taxa, including humans. Despite decades of phenotypic studies, questions remain about how maternal effect senescence impacts evolutionary fitness. To understand the influence of maternal effect senescence on population dynamics, fitness, and selection, we developed matrix population models in which individuals are jointly classified by age and maternal age. We fit these models to data from individual-based culture experiments on the aquatic invertebrate, Brachionus manjavacas (Rotifera). By comparing models with and without maternal effects, we found that maternal effect senescence significantly reduces fitness for B. manjavacas and that this decrease arises primarily through reduced fertility, particularly at maternal ages corresponding to peak reproductive output. We also used the models to estimate selection gradients, which measure the strength of selection, in both high growth rate (laboratory) and two simulated low growth rate environments. In all environments, selection gradients on survival and fertility decrease with increasing age. They also decrease with increasing maternal age for late maternal ages, implying that maternal effect senescence can evolve through the same process as in Hamilton’s theory of the evolution of age-related senescence. The models we developed are widely applicable to evaluate the fitness consequences of maternal effect senescence across species with diverse aging and fertility schedule phenotypes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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