Clinical classification of cancer cachexia: phenotypic correlates in human skeletal muscle
| Autor: | James A. Ross, Shinji Hatakeyama, Christian Lambert, David J. Glass, Simone Degen, Kenneth C. H. Fearon, Martin Degen, Carsten Jacobi, Wilfried Frieauff, Nathan A. Stephens, Neil Johns, Ronenn Roubenoff |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Oncology
Male Pathology Cachexia Anatomy and Physiology Muscle Functions Cancer Treatment lcsh:Medicine Smad Proteins Body Mass Index Weight loss Neoplasms Molecular Cell Biology Gastrointestinal Cancers Basic Cancer Research Muscle Components lcsh:Science Musculoskeletal System Clinical Chemistry Multidisciplinary digestive oral and skin physiology Cancer cachexia Muscle Biochemistry Middle Aged musculoskeletal system Phenotype Clinical Laboratory Sciences medicine.anatomical_structure Muscle Medicine Female medicine.symptom Cellular Types hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists Signal Transduction Research Article medicine.medical_specialty Inflammation Gastroenterology and Hepatology Biology Muscle Fibers Muscle Types Atrophy Diagnostic Medicine Internal medicine Weight Loss Gastrointestinal Tumors medicine Autophagy Humans Muscle Skeletal Aged Muscle Cells lcsh:R Skeletal muscle Cancers and Neoplasms medicine.disease Clinical Immunology lcsh:Q Body mass index Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e83618 (2014) PLoS ONE Johns, N, Hatakeyama, S, Stephens, N A, Degen, M, Degen, S, Frieauff, W, Lambert, C, Ross, J A, Roubenoff, R, Glass, D J, Jacobi, C & Fearon, K C H 2014, ' Clinical classification of cancer cachexia : phenotypic correlates in human skeletal muscle ', PLoS ONE, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. e83618 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083618 |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND: Cachexia affects the majority of patients with advanced cancer and is associated with a reduction in treatment tolerance, response to therapy, and duration of survival. One impediment towards the effective treatment of cachexia is a validated classification system. METHODS: 41 patients with resectable upper gastrointestinal (GI) or pancreatic cancer underwent characterisation for cachexia based on weight-loss (WL) and/or low muscularity (LM). Four diagnostic criteria were used >5%WL, >10%WL, LM, and LM+>2%WL. All patients underwent biopsy of the rectus muscle. Analysis included immunohistochemistry for fibre size and type, protein and nucleic acid concentration, Western blots for markers of autophagy, SMAD signalling, and inflammation.FINDINGS: Compared with non-cachectic cancer patients, patients with LM or LM+>2%WL, mean muscle fibre diameter was reduced by about 25% (p = 0.02 and p = 0.001 respectively). No significant difference in fibre diameter was observed if patients had WL alone. Regardless of classification, there was no difference in fibre number or proportion of fibre type across all myosin heavy chain isoforms. Mean muscle protein content was reduced and the ratio of RNA/DNA decreased in patients with either >5%WL or LM+>2%WL. Compared with non-cachectic patients, SMAD3 protein levels were increased in patients with >5%WL (p = 0.022) and with >10%WL, beclin (p = 0.05) and ATG5 (p = 0.01) protein levels were increased. There were no differences in phospho-NFkB or phospho-STAT3 levels across any of the groups.CONCLUSION: Muscle fibre size, biochemical composition and pathway phenotype can vary according to whether the diagnostic criteria for cachexia are based on weight loss alone, a measure of low muscularity alone or a combination of the two. For intervention trials where the primary end-point is a change in muscle mass or function, use of combined diagnostic criteria may allow identification of a more homogeneous patient cohort, reduce the sample size required and enhance the time scale within which trials can be conducted. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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