Analysis of nutrient flows in integrated intensive aquaculture systems
| Autor: | Ep H. Eding, Johan A.J. Verreth, Oliver Schneider, V. Sereti |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
haliotis-discus-hannai
Fish farming waste-water treatment Biomass chemistry.chemical_element fish-meal Aquatic Science Biology Nutrient Animal science Fish meal Aquaculture and Fisheries Aquaculture ulva-rigida bass dicentrarchus-labrax land-based systems Trophic level rate algal ponds Aquacultuur en Visserij business.industry Environmental engineering Nitrogen chemistry growth-performance WIAS Sewage treatment tilapia oreochromis-niloticus business trout oncorhynchus-mykiss |
| Zdroj: | Aquacultural Engineering, 32(3-4), 379-401 Aquacultural Engineering 32 (2005) 3-4 |
| ISSN: | 0144-8609 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2004.09.001 |
| Popis: | This paper analyses nutrient conversions, which are taking place in integrated intensive aquaculture systems. In these systems fish is cultured next to other organisms, which are converting otherwise discharged nutrients into valuable products. These conversions are analyzed based on nitrogen and phosphorous balances using a mass balance approach. The analytical concept of this review comprises a hypothetical system design with five modules: (1) the conversion of feed nutrients into fish biomass, the “Fish-Biomass-Converter”; (2) the separation of solid and dissolved fish waste/nutrients; the “Fish-Waste-Processor”; (3) the conversion of dissolved fish waste/nutrients, the “Phototrophic-herbivore-Converter”; (4 and 5) the conversion of solid fish waste, the “Bacterial-Waste-Converter”, or the “Detrivorous-Converter”. In the reviewed examples, fish culture alone retains 20–50% feed nitrogen (N) and 15–65% feed phosphorous (P). The combination of fish culture with phototrophic conversion increases nutrient retention of feed N by 15–50% and feed P by up to 53%. If in addition herbivore consumption is included, nutrient retention decreases by 60–85% feed N and 50–90% feed P. This is according to the general observation of nutrient losses from one trophic level to the next. The conversion of nutrients into bacteria and detrivorous worm biomass contributes only in smaller margins (e.g. 7% feed N and 6% feed P and 0.06% feed N 0.03 × 10−3% feed P, respectively). All integrated modules have their specific limitations, which are related to uptake kinetics, nutrient preference, unwanted conversion processes and abiotic factors. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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