Analysis of Human Peripheral Blood Samples from Fatal and Nonfatal Cases of Ebola (Sudan) Hemorrhagic Fever: Cellular Responses, Virus Load, and Nitric Oxide Levels
| Autor: | Daniel G. Bausch, Matthew Lukwiya, Anthony Sanchez, Angela J. Sanchez, Pierre E. Rollin, Siddhartha Mahanty, Kent D. Wagoner |
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| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Cellular immunity
Fas Ligand Protein Neutrophils T-Lymphocytes Immunology CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes Biology Nitric Oxide medicine.disease_cause Microbiology Peripheral blood mononuclear cell Virus Leukocyte Count Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Antigen Virology Immune Tolerance medicine Humans Uganda Lymphocytes Viremia fas Receptor Antigens Viral Membrane Glycoproteins Ebola virus Leukopenia Hemorrhagic Fever Ebola Viral Load Ebolavirus Thrombocytopenia Insect Science Leukocytes Mononuclear Cytokines RNA Viral Pathogenesis and Immunity medicine.symptom Viral load |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Virology. 78:10370-10377 |
| ISSN: | 1098-5514 0022-538X |
| Popis: | Peripheral blood samples obtained from patients during an outbreak of Ebola virus (Sudan species) disease in Uganda in 2000 were used to phenotype peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), quantitate gene expression, measure antigenemia, and determine nitric oxide levels. It was determined that as the severity of disease increased in infected patients, there was a corresponding increase in antigenemia and leukopenia. Blood smears revealed thrombocytopenia, a left shift in neutrophils (in some cases degenerating), and atypical lymphocytes. Infected patients who died had reduced numbers of T cells, CD8 + T cells, and activated (HLA-DR + ) CD8 + T cells, while the opposite was noted for patients who survived the disease. Expression levels of cytokines, Fas antigen, and Fas ligand (TaqMan quantitation) in PBMC from infected patients were not significantly different from those in uninfected patients (treated in the same isolation wards), nor was there a significant increase in expression compared to healthy volunteers (United States). This unresponsive state of PBMC from infected patients despite high levels of circulating antigen and virus replication suggests that some form of immunosuppression had developed. Ebola virus RNA levels (virus load) in PBMC specimens were found to be much higher in infected patients who died than patients who survived the disease. Similarly, blood levels of nitric oxide were much higher in fatal cases (increasing with disease severity), and extremely elevated levels (≥150 μM) would have negatively affected vascular tone and contributed to virus-induced shock. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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