Loud Calls, Startle Behaviour, Social Organisation and Predator Avoidance in Arboreal Langurs (Cercopithecidae: Presbytis)
| Autor: | Vincent Nijman, K. A. I. Nekaris |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Arboreal locomotion Food Chain Pigmentation Ecology Range (biology) Zoology Cercopithecidae Biology Alarm signal Predation Monophyly Borneo Indonesia Crypsis Animals Humans Female Animal Science and Zoology Vocalization Animal Social Behavior Predator Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Hair |
| Zdroj: | Folia Primatologica. 83:274-287 |
| ISSN: | 1421-9980 0015-5713 |
| Popis: | Linking predator avoidance and social organisation predicts that large groups are favoured under heavy predation pressure but that small, inconspicuous groups may do equally well by avoiding detection altogether. We explored the relationships between antipredator behaviour (vocalisation, concealment, fleeing), detectability (colouration, group size) and social organisation in arboreal langurs. Three clear antipredation conditions emerged: (1) exemplified by Presbytis melalophos – brightly-coloured species (red, yellow) with contrasting colours, living in large unimale-multifemale groups (>10 individuals), that vocalised frequently and that flee loudly through the canopy; (2) exemplified by P. comata – greyish species (some contrasting colours), living in intermediate, unimale-multifemale or 1-male-1-female groups (approx. 7 individuals), that vocalise infrequently and that flee through the middle forest layers; (3) exemplified by P. frontata – dull-coloured species without contrast, living in small unimale-multifemale or 1-male-1-female groups ( |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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