Association between Time Spent on Smart Devices and Change in Refractive Error: A 1-Year Prospective Observational Study Among Hong Kong Children and Adolescents
| Autor: | Andy C. Y. Tse, Wing Chun Tang, Paul H. Lee, Billy C.L. So, Geoffrey Chu, Grace P. Y. Szeto, Wing Yan Yu, Lily Y.L. Chan, Regina Lai Tong Lee, Chi Wai Do, Teris Cheung |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Refractive error Multivariate statistics Adolescent Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis lcsh:Medicine Spherical equivalent Eye smartphone Article 03 medical and health sciences Negative shift 0302 clinical medicine Statistical significance Medicine Humans Prospective Studies myopia Association (psychology) Child handheld device tablet business.industry lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health prospective medicine.disease Refractive Errors Left eye 030221 ophthalmology & optometry Hong Kong Observational study Female sense organs business teenage 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Demography |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 17, Iss 8923, p 8923 (2020) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 17 Issue 23 |
| ISSN: | 1661-7827 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | This study examined the association between smart device usage and the 1-year change in refractive error among a representative sample of Hong Kong children and adolescents aged 8&ndash 14 years. A total of 1597 participants (49.9% male, mean age 10.9, SD 2.0) who completed both baseline (2017&ndash 2018) and 1-year follow-up (2018&ndash 2019) eye examinations were included in the present study. The non-cycloplegic auto-refractive error was measured and the average spherical equivalent refraction (SER) was analyzed. The participants also self-reported their smart device usage at baseline. Multivariate regression adjusted for age, sex, baseline SER, parents&rsquo short-sightedness, BMI, time spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and caregiver-reported socio-economic status showed that, compared with the reference group (< 2 hours per day on both smartphone and tablet usages), those who spent &ge 2 hours per day using a smartphone and < 2 hours per day using a tablet had a significantly negative shift in refractive error (1-year change in SER &minus 0.25 vs. &minus 0.09 D, p = 0.01) for the right eye, while the level of significance was marginal (1-year change &minus 0.28 vs. &minus 0.15 D, p = 0.055) for the left eye. To conclude, our data suggested spending at most 2 hours per day on both smartphones and tablets. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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