Five-year point prevalence survey of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in a Japanese university hospital
| Autor: | Yuka Tomita, Keisuke Oka, N. Adachi, N. Kawamura, Yuichi Kouyama, Kazuya Ichikawa, Takayuki Inagaki, Daizo Kato, Aki Hirabayashi, Yoshiaki Kato, Yoshinori Ito, F. Kinoshita, T. Yagi, K. Kitagawa, Y. Toyodome, Nobuyuki Tetsuka, H. Kato, Mitsutaka Iguchi, Akane Matsumoto, Hiroshi Morioka |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
medicine.drug_class business.industry Cephalosporin Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Antimicrobial stewardship medicine.disease Antimicrobial Meropenem Pneumonia Antibiotic resistance Emergency medicine Epidemiology Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis medicine Original Research Article Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Point prevalence survey Healthcare-associated infection business Febrile neutropenia medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Infection Prevention in Practice Infection Prevention in Practice, Vol 3, Iss 3, Pp 100151-(2021) |
| ISSN: | 2590-0889 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.infpip.2021.100151 |
| Popis: | Summary: Background: Periodic point prevalence surveys (PPSs) provide a method for assessing changes in healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial use over time. Following the introduction of an antimicrobial stewardship programme at Nagoya University Hospital (Aichi, Japan) a five-year PPS study was performed to highlight any epidemiological changes. Methods: One-day PPSs were performed annually in July at Nagoya University Hospital. Data on patient characteristics, medical devices, active HAIs and antimicrobial use were collected using a standard data-collection form. Results: A total of 4339 patients were included. Over the five-year study period the median patient age was 62 years, median duration of hospital admission was nine days, 9% of patients had an HAI and 35.2% received at least one antimicrobial. Overall there were 406 HAIs (95% confidence interval, 369–447) with surgical site infection, pneumonia and febrile neutropenia occurring most frequently. Enterobacterales were the most common pathogens (N = 78, 28.6%) and 32.1% were third-generation cephalosporin-resistant. Meropenem was the most frequently prescribed antimicrobial for HAIs. Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis changed drastically, with shorter durations and a marked reduction in oral cephalosporin use. However, antimicrobials for medical prophylaxis gradually increased. Conclusions: This five-year PPS study shows consistent data for patient background, HAIs and causative pathogens and highlights changes in antimicrobial use during the era of the National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. To describe the epidemiology of Japanese hospitals by PPS, multicentre PPSs including in community hospitals should be performed annually. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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