Impact of chronic low dose exposure of monocrotophos in rat brain: Oxidative/ nitrosative stress, neuronal changes and cholinesterase activity

Autor: Hoshiyar Singh, S.J.S. Flora, Saba Naqvi, Shadrak Babu Karumuri, Awanish Mishra
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
ATCI
acetylthiocholineiodide
Na2CO3
sodium carbonate
Cholinesterase inhibition
Antioxidant
Health
Toxicology and Mutagenesis
medicine.medical_treatment
TBA
thiobarbituricacid
NBT
nitrobluetetrazolium
Nitrosative stress
010501 environmental sciences
Toxicology
medicine.disease_cause
01 natural sciences
Lipid peroxidation
chemistry.chemical_compound
0302 clinical medicine
NOEL
no observed effect level
DTNB
5
5-dithiobis (2-nitro-benzoic acid)
TBARS
thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
SDS
sodium dodecyl sulphate
chemistry.chemical_classification
biology
Chemistry
DMS
dimethyl sulfoxide
DCFDA
2
7-dichlrofluorescein diacetate
Catalase
H2O2
hydrogen peroxide
OP
organophosphate
Neuronal loss
medicine.medical_specialty
rGSH
reduced glutathion
NADH
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced
Article
Superoxide dismutase
03 medical and health sciences
ROS
reactive oxygen species
lcsh:RA1190-1270
Internal medicine
SOD
superoxide dismutase
medicine
MCP
monocrotophos
lcsh:Toxicology. Poisons
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Cholinesterase
ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS
MDA
malondialdehyde
Reactive oxygen species
NaOH
sodium hydroxide
NO
nitric oxide
Glutathione
PMSP
henazinemethosulphate
Endocrinology
ChE
cholinesterase
Oxidative stress
Monocrotophos
biology.protein
Rat
BSA
bovine serum albumin
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: Toxicology Reports
Toxicology Reports, Vol 6, Iss, Pp 1295-1303 (2019)
ISSN: 2214-7500
Popis: Graphical abstract
Monocrotophos (MCP) is an organophosphate mainly used as insecticides in agriculture, and veterinary practice to control pests. Exposure to MCP is known to induce significant systemic toxicity in animals and humans. Short term exposure to a high dose of MCP has been reported to cause systemic toxicity, however limited information is available regarding low dose long term exposure in rats. We studied the effects of low dose long term exposure to MCP on oxidative/nitrosative stress, cholinesterase activity and neuronal loss in rat. Male rats were exposed to MCP (0.1 μg or 1 μg/ml) via drinking water for 8 weeks. The pro-oxidant markers such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (MDA), nitrite level and antioxidant markers such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and inhibition of cholinesterase activities were measured to evaluate the effects of MCP on brain along with plasma cholinesterase activity. Neuronal loss was analyzed in cortical region using H&E stained slices. The results suggested that exposure to MC even at the low dose, increased reactive oxygen species, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels and decreased glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase and cholinesterase activities in brain. No significant effect however, was observed on nitrite levels. Histological analysis revealed that low dose MCP exposure lead to structural changes in the cortical neurons in rats. It can be concluded from the study that low dose long term exposure (lower than No Observed Effect Level) of MCP may lead to the generation of oxidative stress by elevation of pro-oxidants markers and depletion of antioxidant enzymes markers along with inhibition of cholinesterase activity. These changes might thus be considered as the possible mechanism of cortical neuronal loss in these animals.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: