Rare cases of head and neck’s neuroendocrine carcinomas disease: Case series of 4 patients and review of the literature
| Autor: | Sami Rouadi, Reda Abada, Rabii Laababsi, Bushra Abdulhakeem, Anas Bouzbouz, Mohamed Roubal, Mohamed Mahtar |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Larynx
Nasal cavity medicine.medical_specialty S Surgery NE neuroendocrine LAC laryngeal atypical carcinoid medicine.medical_treatment RT radiotherapy Article ANED alive no evidence of disease Metastasis OS overall survival 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine AC atypical carcinoid Paraganglioma medicine CRT chemo radiotherapy Chemotherapy Case series Lymph node DOD died of disease Head and neck carcinoma AWD alive with disease Radiotherapy business.industry ca carcinoma mon months medicine.disease TC typical carcinoid post-op post-operative D death from other causes FU follow up Tonsillectomy Radiation therapy medicine.anatomical_structure 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Tonsil Neuroendocrine carcinoma 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology Surgery Radiology SmCC small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma business LCNEC large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas CT chemotherapy n/s not specified |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Surgery Case Reports |
| ISSN: | 2210-2612 |
| Popis: | Highlights • Cervical lymph node SmCC as a primary tumor’s location, was never described in the literature according to what we know. • AC neuroendocrine carcinoma of the tonsil has never been described in the literature up to our knowledge. • A review of the literature was performed, indicating treatment and disease’s prognosis. • In 2012, the 2005 WHO classification of neuroendocrine tumors of the head and neck region was modified by adding the ranges of the Ki-67 and suggested that LCNEC should be considered a distinct disease entity and be separated from AC. Introduction Primary neuroendocrine carcinomas are uncommon head and neck malignancies. Their classification is still debated. We report four cases of unusual primary locations of neuroendocrine carcinomas of head and neck region emphasizing two entities and rare sites that were never described in the literature to the best of our knowledge. Presentation of cases We reported four different cases of neuroendocrine carcinomas (nasal cavity, larynx, lymph nodes and tonsil) treated in our institution. The diagnosis was made by biopsy and confirmed by Immunohistochemical study. We underscored 2 atypical and rare entities in their location and anatomo histopathological type. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were proposed for patients with nasal’s and laryngeal locations. This latter had also undergone surgery. For lymph node location, the patient received decompressive radiotherapy alone. The patient diagnosed with neuroendocrine carcinoma of the tonsil didn’t get any treatment except initial tonsillectomy for diagnosis purposes. Regarding the evolution in our case series, 2 patients had a relapse with local and regional metastasis. Among the 4 patients, 50 % passed away, one is still alive with deterioration of his general status and one is lost to follow-up and refused undergoing further investigations. Discussion There is confusion in the literature regarding the classification of neuroendocrine carcinomas. According to the 2005 WHO, these lesions, can be subdivided into TC, AC (including LCNEC), SmCC, combined SmCC with nonsmall cell carcinoma, and paraganglioma. Their treatment is still debated. Through an overview of the literature, we have gathered the main studies and 2 meta-analysis summarizing the mainstay treatment and disease’s outcome. Conclusion Neuroendocrine carcinomas of head and neck region are aggressive tumors with poor prognosis, low incidence and their diagnosis is not obvious. The treatment protocol depends on the type, the site of the lesions, and metastasis status. It’s still not well codified. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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