H-Aquil: a chemically defined cell culture medium for trace metal studies in Vibrios and other marine heterotrophic bacteria
| Autor: | Donald E. Martocello, Darcy L. McRose, François M. M. Morel |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Microorganism
Artificial seawater Microbial Sensitivity Tests General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Biomaterials 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Trace metal Rhodobacteraceae 030304 developmental biology Alphaproteobacteria Vibrio 0303 health sciences biology Vibrio harveyi 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology Metals and Alloys biology.organism_classification Anti-Bacterial Agents Culture Media Trace Elements Chemically defined medium chemistry Tryptone Environmental chemistry General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Bacteria |
| Zdroj: | Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine. 32(6) |
| ISSN: | 1572-8773 |
| Popis: | A variety of trace metals, including prominently iron (Fe) are necessary for marine microorganisms. Chemically defined medium recipes have been used for several decades to study phytoplankton, but similar methods have not been adopted as widely in studies of marine heterotrophic bacteria. Medium recipes for these organisms frequently include tryptone, casamino acids, as well as yeast and animal extracts. These components introduce unknown concentrations of trace elements and organic compounds, complicating metal speciation. Minimal medium recipes utilizing known carbon and nitrogen sources do exist but often have high background trace metal concentrations. Here we present H-Aquil, a version of the phytoplankton medium Aquil adapted for marine heterotrophic bacteria. This medium consists of artificial seawater supplemented with a carbon source, phosphate, amino acids, and vitamins. As in Aquil, trace metals are controlled using the synthetic chelator EDTA. We also address concerns of EDTA toxicity, showing that concentrations up to 100 µM EDTA do not lead to growth defects in the copiotrophic bacterium Vibrio harveyi or the oligotrophic bacterium Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062, a member of the SAR11 clade. H-Aquil is used successfully to culture species of Vibrio, Phaeobacter, and Silicibacter, as well as several environmental isolates. We report a substantial decrease in growth rate between cultures grown with or without added Fe, making the medium suitable for conducting Fe-limitation studies in a variety of marine heterotrophic bacteria. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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