Visual Impairment and Risk of Dementia in 2 Population-Based Prospective Cohorts: UK Biobank and EPIC-Norfolk
Autor: | Megan Conroy, Paul J. Foster, Shabina Hayat, Thomas J. Littlejohns, Robert Luben, Carol Brayne, Elżbieta Kuźma, Anthony P Khawaja |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Aging
medicine.medical_specialty Pediatrics Visual acuity genetic structures Visual impairment Vision Disorders Risk Factors Neoplasms Epidemiology Medicine Dementia Humans Prospective Studies Risk factor Biological Specimen Banks business.industry Hazard ratio medicine.disease Biobank Confidence interval United Kingdom Geriatrics and Gerontology medicine.symptom business |
Zdroj: | The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences. 77(4) |
ISSN: | 1758-535X |
Popis: | Visual impairment has emerged as a potential modifiable risk factor for dementia. However, there is a lack of large studies with objective measures of vision and with more than 10 years of follow-up. We investigated whether visual impairment is associated with an increased risk of incident dementia in UK Biobank and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk). In both cohorts, visual acuity was measured using a “logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution” (LogMAR) chart and categorized as no (≤0.30 LogMAR), mild (>0.3 to ≤0.50 LogMAR), and moderate to severe (>0.50 LogMAR) impairment. Dementia was ascertained through linkage to electronic medical records. After restricting to those aged ≥60 years, without prevalent dementia and with eye measures available, the analytic samples consisted of 62 206 UK Biobank and 7 337 EPIC-Norfolk participants, respectively. In UK Biobank and EPIC-Norfolk, respectively, 1 113 and 517 participants developed dementia over 11 and 15 years of follow-up. Using multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models, the hazard ratios for mild and moderate to severe visual impairment were 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92–1.72) and 2.16 (95% CI: 1.37–3.40), in UK Biobank, and 1.05 (95% CI: 0.72–1.53) and 1.93 (95% CI: 1.05–3.56) in EPIC-Norfolk, compared to no visual impairment. When excluding participants censored within 5 years of follow-up or with prevalent poor or fair self-reported health, the direction of the associations remained similar for moderate impairment but was not statistically significant. Our findings suggest visual impairment might be a promising target for dementia prevention; however, the possibility of reverse causation cannot be excluded. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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