Natural Diversity in Stomatal Features of Cultivated and Wild Oryza Species
Autor: | Jacqueline Dionora, Jolly Chatterjee, Robert Nepomuceno, Robert A. Coe, Vivek Thakur, Anindya Bandyopadhyay, Abigail Elmido-Mabilangan, Apollo Neil Monroy, William Paul Quick, Kshirod K. Jena, Anna Mae Delos Reyes, Darshan S. Brar, Abraham Darius Llave, Irma Canicosa |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Stomatal conductance Oryza barthii Soil Science Plant Science lcsh:Plant culture Oryza Photosynthesis 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Guard cell Botany lcsh:SB1-1110 Cultivar Water-use efficiency biology Stomatal diversity Wild rice food and beverages g max biology.organism_classification Plant ecology 030104 developmental biology Maximum stomatal conductance (anatomical) Original Article Agronomy and Crop Science 010606 plant biology & botany |
Zdroj: | Rice, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-20 (2020) Rice |
ISSN: | 1939-8433 1939-8425 |
Popis: | Background Stomata in rice control a number of physiological processes by regulating gas and water exchange between the atmosphere and plant tissues. The impact of the structural diversity of these micropores on its conductance level is an important area to explore before introducing stomatal traits into any breeding program in order to increase photosynthesis and crop yield. Therefore, an intensive measurement of structural components of stomatal complex (SC) of twenty three Oryza species spanning the primary, secondary and tertiary gene pools of rice has been conducted. Results Extensive diversity was found in stomatal number and size in different Oryza species and Oryza complexes. Interestingly, the dynamics of stomatal traits in Oryza family varies differently within different Oryza genetic complexes. Example, the Sativa complex exhibits the greatest diversity in stomatal number, while the Officinalis complex is more diverse for its stomatal size. Combining the structural information with the Oryza phylogeny revealed that speciation has tended towards increasing stomatal density rather than stomatal size in rice family. Thus, the most recent species (i.e. the domesticated rice) eventually has developed smaller yet numerous stomata. Along with this, speciation has also resulted in a steady increase in stomatal conductance (anatomical, gmax) in different Oryza species. These two results unambiguously prove that increasing stomatal number (which results in stomatal size reduction) has increased the stomatal conductance in rice. Correlations of structural traits with the anatomical conductance, leaf carbon isotope discrimination (∆13C) and major leaf morphological and anatomical traits provide strong supports to untangle the ever mysterious dependencies of these traits in rice. The result displayed an expected negative correlation in the number and size of stomata; and positive correlations among the stomatal length, width and area with guard cell length, width on both abaxial and adaxial leaf surfaces. In addition, gmax is found to be positively correlated with stomatal number and guard cell length. The ∆13C values of rice species showed a positive correlation with stomatal number, which suggest an increased water loss with increased stomatal number. Interestingly, in contrast, the ∆13C consistently shows a negative relationship with stomatal and guard cell size, which suggests that the water loss is less when the stomata are larger. Therefore, we hypothesize that increasing stomatal size, instead of numbers, is a better approach for breeding programs in order to minimize the water loss through stomata in rice. Conclusion Current paper generates useful data on stomatal profile of wild rice that is hitherto unknown for the rice science community. It has been proved here that the speciation has resulted in an increased stomatal number accompanied by size reduction during Oryza’s evolutionary course; this has resulted in an increased gmax but reduced water use efficiency. Although may not be the sole driver of water use efficiency in rice, our data suggests that stomata are a potential target for modifying the currently low water use efficiency in domesticated rice. It is proposed that Oryza barthii can be used in traditional breeding programs in enhancing the stomatal size of elite rice cultivars. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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