Detection of piperonal emitted from polymer controlled odor mimic permeation systems utilizing Canis familiaris and solid phase microextraction-ion mobility spectrometry
| Autor: | Michael S. Macias, Patricia Guerra-Diaz, José R. Almirall, Kenneth G. Furton |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Ion-mobility spectrometry
N-Methyl-3 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine Solid-phase microextraction Pathology and Forensic Medicine Field detection chemistry.chemical_compound Dogs Law Enforcement Animals Benzodioxoles Solid Phase Microextraction chemistry.chemical_classification Chromatography Chemistry Dynamic range Illicit Drugs Spectrum Analysis Polymer Permeation Forensic Medicine Piperonal Odor Benzaldehydes Odorants Hallucinogens Crime Law Half-Life |
| Zdroj: | Forensic science international. 195(1-3) |
| ISSN: | 1872-6283 |
| Popis: | Currently, in the field of odor detection, there is generally a wider variation in limit of detections (LODs) for canines than instruments. The study presented in this paper introduces an improved protocol for the creation of controlled odor mimic permeation system (COMPS) devices for use as standards in canine training and discusses the canine detection thresholds of piperonal, a starting material for the illicit drug 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), when exposed to these devices. Additionally, this paper describes the first-ever reported direct comparison of solid phase microextraction–ion mobility spectrometry (SPME–IMS) to canine detection for the MDMA odorant, piperonal. The research presented shows the reliability of COMPS devices as low cost field calibrants providing a wide range of odorant concentrations for biological and instrumental detectors. The canine LOD of piperonal emanating from the 100 ng s −1 COMPS was found to be 1 ng as compared to the SPME–IMS LOD of piperonal in a static, closed system at 2 ng, with a linear dynamic range from 2 ng to 11 ng. The utilization of the COMPS devices would allow for training that will reduce the detection variability between canines and maintain improved consistency for training purposes. Since both SPME and IMS are field portable technologies, it is expected that this coupled method will be useful as a complement to canine detection for the field detection of MDMA. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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