Subcutaneous injection of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 abolishes postprandial glycemia in NIDDM
Autor: | Jens J. Holst, Mark Gutniak, Suad Efendic, Birgitta Linde |
---|---|
Rok vydání: | 1994 |
Předmět: |
Blood Glucose
Male endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty Time Factors Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism medicine.medical_treatment Injections Subcutaneous Radioimmunoassay Glucagon chemistry.chemical_compound Subcutaneous injection Eating Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Internal medicine Diabetes mellitus Internal Medicine medicine Humans Insulin Protein Precursors Advanced and Specialized Nursing C-Peptide C-peptide business.industry digestive oral and skin physiology Middle Aged medicine.disease Glucagon-like peptide-1 Peptide Fragments Endocrinology Postprandial Basal (medicine) chemistry Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Hyperglycemia Female business hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists |
Zdroj: | Diabetes care. 17(9) |
ISSN: | 0149-5992 |
Popis: | OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of subcutaneously injected glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) (7–36)amide on postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, and C-peptide levels in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and a secondary failure to sulfonylureas. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS GLP-1 (25 nmol) was injected subcutaneously into either the abdominal wall or the gluteal region at a standardized depth and speed. The injection device was guided by the ultrasound determination of the depth of the fat layer. The peptide was given 5 min before a standard meal. Plasma concentrations of glucose, C-peptide, insulin, glucagon, and GLP-1 were followed during 240 min after the injection. RESULTS In control experiments, a significant hyperglycemia was attained after the meal. GLP-1 given into the abdominal wall not only virtually abolished the postprandial blood glucose rise but significantly decreased glucose concentrations, with a nadir at ∼25 min after the injection. A rapid rise of C-peptide and insulin levels was observed 10-15 min after the injection of GLP-1. The stimulatory effect of GLP-1 was transient, and, at 45 min after the meal, both insulin and C-peptide levels were almost identical in GLP-1 and control experiments. Significantly lower glucagon concentrations were observed 35-65 min after the peptide injection. GLP-1 concentration in plasma increased from 10 pM to a peak concentration (Cmax) of 70 pM at Tmax 30 min after injection. Then GLP-1 levels rapidly decreased to 25 pM at 95 min and returned to basal at 215 min. The gluteal injection of GLP-1 had similar effects compared with the abdominal administration on plasma levels of glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon. CONCLUSIONS GLP-1 is promptly absorbed from the subcutaneous tissue. It exerts a significant blood glucose lowering effect when administered before meals in overweight patients with NIDDM. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
Externí odkaz: |
načítá se...