Strategies and cognitive reserve to preserve lexical production in aging
| Autor: | Jean-François Démonet, Marcela Perrone-Bertolotti, Elise Roger, Sonja Banjac, Monica Baciu, Célise Haldin, Hélène Lœvenbruck |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition (LPNC ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Leenaards de la Mémoire, Université de Lausanne (UNIL)-CHUV |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Aging
Coping (psychology) [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Review Lexical 050105 experimental psychology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cognitive Reserve Production (economics) 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Cognitive impairment Behavioral Cognitive reserve 05 social sciences Age Factors Brain Production Cognition Healthy aging Lifestyle factors Younger adults Reserve factors Geriatrics and Gerontology Psychology Neurocognitive 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | GeroScience GeroScience, Springer International Publishing, 2021, ⟨10.1007/s11357-021-00367-5⟩ |
| ISSN: | 2509-2715 2509-2723 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11357-021-00367-5⟩ |
| Popis: | In the absence of any neuropsychiatric condition, older adults may show declining performance in several cognitive processes and among them, in retrieving and producing words, reflected in slower responses and even reduced accuracy compared to younger adults. To overcome this difficulty, healthy older adults implement compensatory strategies, which are the focus of this paper. We provide a review of mainstream findings on deficient mechanisms and possible neurocognitive strategies used by older adults to overcome the deleterious effects of age on lexical production. Moreover, we present findings on genetic and lifestyle factors that might either be protective or risk factors of cognitive impairment in advanced age. We propose that “aging-modulating factors” (AMF) can be modified, offering prevention opportunities against aging effects. Based on our review and this proposition, we introduce an integrative neurocognitive model of mechanisms and compensatory strategies for lexical production in older adults (entitled Lexical Access and Retrieval in Aging, LARA). The main hypothesis defended in LARA is that cognitive aging evolves heterogeneously and involves complementary domain-general and domain-specific mechanisms, with substantial inter-individual variability, reflected at behavioral, cognitive, and brain levels. Furthermore, we argue that the ability to compensate for the effect of cognitive aging depends on the amount of reserve specific to each individual which is, in turn, modulated by the AMF. Our conclusion is that a variety of mechanisms and compensatory strategies coexist in the same individual to oppose the effect of age. The role of reserve is pivotal for a successful coping with age-related changes and future research should continue to explore the modulating role of AMF. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11357-021-00367-5. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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