Pharmacological and non-pharmacological pain relief for office hysteroscopy: an up-to-date review
Autor: | Stefano Cianci, Antonio Schiattarella, Salvatore Giovanni Vitale, P. De Franciscis, Antonio Cianci, Gaetano Riemma, Nicola Colacurci |
---|---|
Přispěvatelé: | Riemma, G., Schiattarella, A., Colacurci, N., Vitale, S. G., Cianci, S., Cianci, A., De Franciscis, P. |
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Hypnosis In-office hysteroscopy non-pharmacological treatment pain management pharmacological treatment Ambulatory Surgical Procedures Analgesics Female Humans Hysteroscopy Pain Management Pain Postoperative Pain Procedural Physical Therapy Modalities Pain relief Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation law.invention law medicine Intensive care medicine Non pharmacological medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Obstetrics and Gynecology General Medicine Standard technique Distress medicine.anatomical_structure Uterine cavity business |
Popis: | In-office hysteroscopy is considered the standard technique for visualization of the uterine cavity and the diagnosis of intrauterine pathologies. Moreover, nowadays, it is possible to treat a vast number of intracavitary diseases in the office, without the need for the inpatient setting. However, in some cases, pain might occur, and this is the most common reason for not completing the procedure. Over the last 20 years, many efforts have been carried out to miniaturize the instrumentation and to improve the techniques in order to avoid discomfort. Nonetheless, hysteroscopy still provokes distress for many patients. For this reason, pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for intraoperative and postoperative pain relief have been widely used for in-office hysteroscopy, with different results in various groups of women. The purpose of this review was to analyze the current literature on pharmacological aids (non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, antispasmodics, local anesthetics, prostaglandins, opioids) and non-pharmacological interventions (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, uterine stretching, uterine pressure, warming of distension medium, hypnosis, music, vocal-local) and to evaluate their impact on the relief from pain experienced during in-office hysteroscopy. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
Externí odkaz: |