Gender differences and dynamics in competition: The role of luck

Autor: David Gill, Victoria Prowse
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2010
Předmět:
productivity
Test
Labor market outcomes
real effort experiment
education
Gender gap
Experiment
Real effort
Career development
Competition
Luck
Productivity
Relative performance evaluation
Tournament
Wining
Losing
Behavioral preferences
career development
relative performance evaluation
jel:D03
Real effort experiment
Gender differences
Competition aversion
Win
Loss
Competitive outcomes
Extensives Spiel
C91
win
ddc:330
competition aversion
winning
J16
experiment
jel:C91
Geschlecht
real effort
gender gap
loss
humanities
losing
tournament
jel:J33
gender differences
Verhaltensökonomik
Wettbewerb
jel:J16
behavioral preferences
real effort experiment
gender differences
gender gap
competition
competition aversion
tournament
luck
win
loss
narrow framing
Framing
D03
narrow framing
Real effort experiments
gender differences
gender gap
competition aversion
tournament
luck
win
loss
competitive outcomes
competition
luck
Popis: We present experimental evidence which sheds new light on why women may be less competitive than men. Specifically, we observe striking differences in how men and women respond to good and bad luck in a competitive environment. Following a loss, women tend to reduce effort, and the effect is independent of the monetary value of the prize that the women failed to win. Men, on the other hand, reduce effort only after failing to win large prizes. Responses to previous competitive outcomes explain about 11% of the variation that we observe in women's efforts, but only about 4% of the variation in the effort of men, and differential responses to luck account for about half of the gender performance gap in our experiment. These findings help to explain both female underperformance in environments with repeated competition and the tendency for women to select into tournaments at a lower rate than men.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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