Measurement of Pulsatile Insulin Secretion: Rationale and Methodology
| Autor: | Adrian Vella, Marcello C. Laurenti, Aleksey V. Matveyenko |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Pulsatile insulin hormone deconvolution Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Secretory Rate medicine.medical_treatment Pulsatile flow 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Review Type 2 diabetes Microbiology Biochemistry 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine medicine Secretion Molecular Biology business.industry Insulin medicine.disease QR1-502 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology C-peptide kinetics Basal (medicine) insulin pulses business pulsatile insulin secretion Hormone |
| Zdroj: | Metabolites Metabolites, Vol 11, Iss 409, p 409 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2218-1989 |
| Popis: | Pancreatic β-cells are responsible for the synthesis and exocytosis of insulin in response to an increase in circulating glucose. Insulin secretion occurs in a pulsatile manner, with oscillatory pulses superimposed on a basal secretion rate. Insulin pulses are a marker of β-cell health, and secretory parameters, such as pulse amplitude, time interval and frequency distribution, are impaired in obesity, aging and type 2 diabetes. In this review, we detail the mechanisms of insulin production and β-cell synchronization that regulate pulsatile insulin secretion, and we discuss the challenges to consider when measuring fast oscillatory secretion in vivo. These include the anatomical difficulties of measuring portal vein insulin noninvasively in humans before the hormone is extracted by the liver and quickly removed from the circulation. Peripheral concentrations of insulin or C-peptide, a peptide cosecreted with insulin, can be used to estimate their secretion profile, but mathematical deconvolution is required. Parametric and nonparametric approaches to the deconvolution problem are evaluated, alongside the assumptions and trade-offs required for their application in the quantification of unknown insulin secretory rates from known peripheral concentrations. Finally, we discuss the therapeutical implication of targeting impaired pulsatile secretion and its diagnostic value as an early indicator of β-cell stress. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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