Luminal Bioavailability of Orally Administered ω-3 PUFAs in the Distal Small Intestine, and Associated Changes to the Ileal Microbiome, in Humans with a Temporary Ileostomy
| Autor: | Henry Watson, SL Perry, Philip Quirke, Amanda D. Race, Paul M. Loadman, Giles J. Toogood, Gael Nana, Mark A. Hull, Suparna Mitra, Henry M. Wood, Caroline Young |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty eicosapentaenoic acid omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid Medicine (miscellaneous) Biological Availability Ileum digestive system 03 medical and health sciences AcademicSubjects/MED00060 0302 clinical medicine Oral administration Internal medicine RNA Ribosomal 16S medicine Humans Microbiome chemistry.chemical_classification Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry Ileostomy Fatty acid food and beverages docosahexaenoic acid Middle Aged Eicosapentaenoic acid Small intestine Gastrointestinal Microbiome 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology chemistry Docosahexaenoic acid 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis AcademicSubjects/SCI00960 lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Nutrient Physiology Metabolism and Nutrient-Nutrient Interactions business small intestine Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Nutrition |
| ISSN: | 1541-6100 0022-3166 |
| Popis: | Background Oral administration of purified omega-3 (ω-3) PUFAs is associated with changes to the fecal microbiome. However, it is not known whether this effect is associated with increased PUFA concentrations in the gut. Objectives We investigated the luminal bioavailability of oral ω-3 PUFAs (daily dose 1 g EPA and 1g DHA free fatty acid equivalents as triglycerides in soft-gel capsules, twice daily) and changes to the gut microbiome, in the ileum. Methods Ileostomy fluid (IF) and blood were obtained at baseline, after first capsule dosing (median 2 h), and at a similar time after final dosing on day 28, in 11 individuals (median age 63 y) with a temporary ileostomy. Fatty acids were measured by LC–tandem MS. The ileal microbiome was characterized by 16S rRNA PCR and Illumina sequencing. Results There was a mean 6.0 ± 9.8-fold and 6.6 ± 9.6-fold increase in ileal EPA and DHA concentrations (primary outcome), respectively, at 28 d, which was associated with increased RBC ω-3 PUFA content (P ≤ 0.05). The first oral dose did not increase the ileal ω-3 PUFA concentration except in 4 individuals, who displayed high luminal EPA and DHA concentrations, which reduced to concentrations similar to the overall study population at day 28, suggesting physiological adaptation. Bacteroides, Clostridium, and Streptococcus were abundant bacterial genera in the ileum. Ileal microbiome variability over time and between individuals was large, with no consistent change associated with acute ω-3 PUFA dosing. However, high concentrations of EPA and DHA in IF on day 28 were associated with higher abundance of Bacteroides (r2 > 0.86, P 0.94, P |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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