Focal traumatic brain stem injury is a rare type of head injury resulting from assault: a forensic neuropathological study
| Autor: | Ben Swift, Safa Al-Sarraj, Istvan Bodi, Antonia Ugbade, Nat R.B. Cary, Peter Jerreat, Rob C. Chapman, Ashley W. Fegan-Earl, Simon E. Poole |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Cytoplasm Poison control Brain Edema Brain damage Unconsciousness Violence Pathology and Forensic Medicine Head trauma Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor Young Adult Skull fracture medicine Humans Forensic Pathology Intracranial pressure Aged 80 and over Neurons Skull Fractures business.industry Diffuse axonal injury Head injury Brain General Medicine Anatomy Middle Aged medicine.disease Axons Intracranial Hemorrhage Traumatic Anesthesia Brain Injuries Accidental Falls Female Brainstem medicine.symptom business Law Brain Stem |
| Zdroj: | Journal of forensic and legal medicine. 19(3) |
| ISSN: | 1878-7487 |
| Popis: | Introduction Brainstem haemorrhage is common in cases of head injury when it is associated with space-occupying lesion and increases in the intracranial pressure (duret haemorrhage), in cases of diffuse axonal injury (in dorso-lateral quadrant) and diffuses vascular injury (in the periventricular tissue). However focal traumatic brainstem injury is rare. Material and method We identified 12 cases of focal traumatic brainstem injury from review of 319 case of head injury. The head trauma had been caused by different mechanisms of complex fall from height and assault. 10/12 are associated with skull fracture, 11/12 with contre coup contusions in the frontal and temporal lobes, 5/12 direct contusions to cerebellum, 5/12 haemorrhage in corpus callosum and 2/11 have gliding contusions. None of the cases had pathological evidence of increase in the intracranial pressure. The bleeding in the pons was at the edge in 2/12 and cross the section in 10/12. The majority of patients were unconscious immediately after the incident (10/12) and 9/12 died within one day. Conclusion Focal traumatic brainstem injury occurs most likely due to direct impact at the back of the head or stretching forces affecting the brainstem in cases of complex fall from height and after assault, particularly those associated with kicks. It is a serious and commonly fatal brain damage, which needed to be differentiated from other causes of brainstem haemorrhages. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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