Decorating the Anammox House: Sialic Acids and Sulfated Glycosaminoglycans in the Extracellular Polymeric Substances of Anammox Granular Sludge
| Autor: | Marissa Boleij, Martin Pabst, Yuemei Lin, Mark C.M. van Loosdrecht, Thomas R. Neu, Hugo B.C. Kleikamp |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Nitrogen
Context (language use) 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Article Glycosaminoglycan chemistry.chemical_compound Sulfation Extracellular polymeric substance Bioreactors Biosynthesis Ammonium Compounds Environmental Chemistry Anaerobiosis 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Glycosaminoglycans biology Sewage Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix Biofilm General Chemistry biology.organism_classification carbohydrates (lipids) Biochemistry chemistry Anammox Sialic Acids Oxidation-Reduction Bacteria |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science & Technology Environmental Science & Technology (Washington), 54(8) |
| ISSN: | 1520-5851 0013-936X |
| Popis: | Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) bacteria are important for the nitrogen cycle in both natural environments and wastewater treatment plants. These bacteria have a strong tendency to grow in aggregates like biofilms and granular sludge. To understand the formation of anammox aggregates, it is required to unravel the composition of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which are produced by the bacteria to develop into aggregates and granules. Here, we investigated anionic polymers in anammox granular sludge, focussing on sialic acids and sulfated glycosaminoglycans. Quantification assays and fluorescent stains indicated that sialic acids and sulfated glycosaminoglycans were present in the anammox EPS (1.6% equivalents of sialic acids and 2.4% equivalents of sulfated glycosaminoglycans). Additionally, the potential genes for the biosynthesis of sialic acids and sulfated glycosaminoglycans were analyzed in the anammox draft genomes. The finding of these components in anammox granular sludge and previously in other nonpathogenic bacteria pointed out that sialic acids and sulfated glycosaminoglycans are worth investigating in the context of a broader function in microbial communities and biofilm systems in general. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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