Pollution Tradeoffs for Conventional and Natural Gas-Based Marine Fuels
| Autor: | Fatima Umar, James J. Winebrake, James J. Corbett, Daniel Yuska |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
marine shipping
020209 energy Geography Planning and Development lcsh:TJ807-830 lcsh:Renewable energy sources Biomass 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law 01 natural sciences Methane chemistry.chemical_compound Natural gas 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering lcsh:Environmental sciences 0105 earth and related environmental sciences methanol lcsh:GE1-350 alternative fuels Waste management Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment business.industry lcsh:Environmental effects of industries and plants emissions Fuel oil Renewable energy natural gas Renewable natural gas lcsh:TD194-195 chemistry Greenhouse gas Environmental science business Liquefied natural gas |
| Zdroj: | Sustainability, Vol 11, Iss 8, p 2235 (2019) Sustainability Volume 11 Issue 8 |
| ISSN: | 2071-1050 |
| Popis: | This paper presents a life-cycle emissions analysis of conventional and natural gas-based marine transportation in the United States. We apply a total fuel cycle&mdash or &ldquo well-to-propeller&rdquo &mdash analysis that evaluates emissions along the fuel production and delivery pathway, including feedstock extraction, processing, distribution, and use. We compare emissions profiles for methanol, liquefied natural gas, and low sulfur marine fuel in our analysis, with a focus on exploring tradeoffs across the following pollutants: greenhouse gases, particulate matter, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides. For our greenhouse gas analysis, we apply global warming potentials that consider both near-term (20-year) and long-term (100-year) climate forcing impacts. We also conduct uncertainty analysis to evaluate the impacts of methane leakage within the natural gas recovery, processing, and distribution stages of its fuel cycle. Our results indicate that natural-gas based marine fuels can provide significant local environmental benefits compared to distillate fuel however, these benefits come with a near-term&mdash and possibly long-term&mdash global warming penalty, unless such natural gas-based fuels are derived from renewable feedstock, such as biomass. These results point to the importance of controlling for methane leaks along the natural gas production process and the important role that renewable natural gas can play in the shipping sector. Decision-makers can use these results to inform decisions related to increasing the use of alternative fuels in short sea and coast-wise marine transportation systems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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