Disrupting the link between maltreatment and delinquency: how school, family, and community factors can be protective

Autor: Hannah Lantos, Hannah Winslow, Andra Wilkinson, Tyler McDaniel
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Adult
Male
Longitudinal study
Adolescent
Non-violent
Poison control
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
Violence
Suicide prevention
Abuse
Occupational safety and health
Peer Group
Developmental psychology
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
School connection
Residence Characteristics
Injury prevention
Juvenile delinquency
Maltreatment
Parental relationship quality
Medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Child Abuse
Longitudinal Studies
Parent-Child Relations
Child
Delinquency
Schools
business.industry
lcsh:Public aspects of medicine
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Human factors and ergonomics
lcsh:RA1-1270
Criminals
Protective Factors
Collective efficacy
Adolescent Behavior
Violent
Juvenile Delinquency
Linear Models
Female
Neighborhood collective efficacy
business
Research Article
Zdroj: BMC Public Health
BMC Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2019)
ISSN: 1471-2458
Popis: Background Past experiences of childhood maltreatment are common for youth involved in the juvenile justice system. This paper explores potential protective factors at the peer, family, school, and neighborhood levels that disrupt the relationship between maltreatment and later non-violent and violent offending behavior and how these protective effects vary by a number of different sociodemographics. Methods We used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative longitudinal study of adolescents who were in grades 7–12 in the 1994–95 school year. Pulling data from Add Health respondents from ages 13 to 30, we used linear mixed effects modeling to create growth curves of predicted violent and non-violent offending frequency from adolescence into young adulthood, with maltreatment frequency as a predictor. Next, we tested whether potential protective factors including time with friends, a high-quality relationship with a parent figure, school connection, or neighborhood collective efficacy moderated the intercept or slope of the growth curves. Finally, we tested if sex, race/ethnicity, or sexual orientation moderated these protective effects. Results For violent offending, school connection, high-quality relationships with mother or father figures, and neighborhood collective efficacy were all generally protective, meaning they were associated with lower levels and shallower slopes of predicted violent offending, but they were not more or less protective for those who experienced maltreatment. For non-violent offending, the same was true of school connection, high-quality relationships with a mother figure, and neighborhood collective efficacy, which were all generally protective. We found no evidence of a protective effect for time spent with friends, though this is likely due to measurement constraints, as simply measuring time spent with friends may have heterogeneous effects on delinquent behaviors. We found no evidence that any of these protective effects varied by sociodemographics. Conclusions This paper identifies factors that teachers, juvenile corrections officers, policymakers and others can intervene on to prevent engagement (or re-engagement) in delinquency and offending among youth and young adults who experienced maltreatment. As they are also protective for youth who have not experienced maltreatment they also inform general delinquency prevention efforts.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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