Perinatal programming of renal function
| Autor: | Jörg Dötsch, Ruth Janoschek, Lutz T. Weber, Eva Nüsken, Kai D. Nüsken, Miguel Alejandre-Alcazar |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Biomedical Research 030232 urology & nephrology Embryonic Development Nephron 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Bioinformatics Kidney Epigenesis Genetic 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Overnutrition Pregnancy Internal medicine Medicine Humans Epigenetics Epigenesis Fetal Growth Retardation business.industry Mechanism (biology) medicine.disease medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Small for gestational age Female Kidney Diseases Animal studies business |
| Zdroj: | Current opinion in pediatrics. 28(2) |
| ISSN: | 1531-698X |
| Popis: | Purpose of review Perinatal programming of renal function reflects the epigenetic alteration of genetically determined development by environmental factors. These include intrauterine malnutrition, pre and postnatal overnutrition, glucocorticoids, and certain toxins such as smoking. This review aims to summarize the most important findings. Recent findings Human studies may show an increased susceptibility toward the general prevalence of renal failure in already small for gestational age children and adolescents. In particular, glomerular diseases present with a more severe clinical course. Partially related, partially independently, arterial hypertension is found in this at-risk group. The findings can mostly be confirmed in animal models. Both intrauterine nutrient deprived and overfed rodents show a tendency toward developing glomerulosclerosis and other renal disorders. Animal studies attempt to imitate clinical conditions, however, there are difficulties in transferring the findings to the human setting. The reduction of nephron number, especially in intrauterine growth-restricted humans and animals, is one mechanism of perinatal programming in the kidneys. In addition, vascular and endocrine alterations are prevalent. The molecular changes behind these mechanisms include epigenetic changes such as DNA-methylation, microRNAs, and histone modifications. Summary Future research will have to establish clinical studies with clear and well defined inclusion criteria which also reflect prenatal life. The use of transgenic animal models might help to obtain a deeper insight into the underlying mechanisms. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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