Cryptosporidium viatorum from the native Australian swamp rat Rattus lutreolus - An emerging zoonotic pathogen?
| Autor: | Shane R. Haydon, Anson V. Koehler, Robin B. Gasser, Tao Wang |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Zoonotic potential Population Zoology Swamp Article 03 medical and health sciences lcsh:Zoology parasitic diseases Rattus lutreolus lcsh:QL1-991 education education.field_of_study geography geography.geographical_feature_category biology Giardia Cryptosporidium Ribosomal RNA biology.organism_classification 60-Kilodalton glycoprotein (gp60) Small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA (SSU) 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases Parasitology Animal Science and Zoology Molecular identification Cryptosporidium viatorum Rattus fuscipes |
| Zdroj: | International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 18-26 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 2213-2244 |
| Popis: | Cryptosporidium viatorum is a globally distributed pathogenic species of Cryptosporidium that has only ever been recorded from humans, until now. For the first time, we molecularly characterised a novel subtype of C. viatorum (subtype XVbA2G1) from the endemic Australian swamp rat (Rattus lutreolus) using the small subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA (SSU) gene and then subtyped it using the 60-kilodalton glycoprotein (gp60) gene. In total, faecal samples from 21 swamp rats (three were positive for C. viatorum), three broad toothed rats (Mastacomys fuscus) and two bush rats (Rattus fuscipes) were tested for Cryptosporidium. The long-term, isolated nature of the swamp rat population in Melbourne's drinking water catchment system (where public access is prohibited), the lack of C. viatorum from other mammals and birds living within the vicinity of this system and its genetic distinctiveness in both the SSU and gp60 gene sequences from other species of Cryptosporidium collectively suggest that C. viatorum might be endemic to native rats in Australia. The current state of knowledge of epidemiological surveys of Cryptosporidium of rats and the zoonotic potential are further discussed in light of the finding of C. viatorum. Long-term studies, with the capacity to repetitively sample a variety of hosts in multiple localities, in different seasons and years, will allow for greater insight into the epidemiological patterns and zoonotic potential of rare Cryptosporidium species such as C. viatorum. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • First detection of Cryptosporidium viatorum (XVbA2G1) in a non-human host. • Found in native Australian swamp rat Rattus leutreolus. • Appraisal of current state of knowledge of Cryptosporidium in rats. • Cognisance of epidemiology and zoonotic potential through long-term monitoring. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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