HEATING AND PAIN SENSATION PRODUCED IN HUMAN SKIN BY MILLIMETER WAVES
| Autor: | Dennis W. Blick, Leland R. Johnson, Eleanor R. Adair, Kenneth R. Foster, Thomas J. Walters |
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| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Pain Threshold Hot Temperature Epidemiology Infrared Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pain Models Biological Optics Humans Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Microwaves Penetration depth Aged Pain Measurement Skin business.industry Chemistry Middle Aged Blood Physiological Phenomena Thermal conduction Non-ionizing radiation Thermography Continuous wave Female Millimeter Skin Temperature business Health Physics Microwave Body Temperature Regulation |
| Zdroj: | Health Physics. 78:259-267 |
| ISSN: | 0017-9078 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/00004032-200003000-00003 |
| Popis: | Cutaneous thresholds for thermal pain were measured in 10 human subjects during 3-s exposures at 94 GHz continuous wave microwave energy at intensities up to approximately 1.8 W cm(-2). During each exposure, the temperature increase at the skin's surface was measured by infrared thermography. The mean (+/- s.e.m.) baseline temperature of the skin was 34.0+/-0.2 degrees C. The threshold for pricking pain was 43.9+/-0.7 degrees C, which corresponded to an increase in surface temperature of approximately 9.9 degrees C (from 34.0 degrees C to 43.9 degrees C). The measured increases in surface temperature were in good agreement with a simple thermal model that accounted for heat conduction and for the penetration depth of the microwave energy into tissue. Taken together, these results support the use of the model for predicting thresholds of thermal pain at other millimeter wave (length) frequencies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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