Surface freezing of water
| Autor: | Jose-Luis Perez-Diaz, Marco A. Alvarez-Valenzuela, Fernando Rodriguez-Celis |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Cryophorus
Flash freezing Multidisciplinary Materials science Ice crystals Surface freezing Research Nucleation Evaporation Thermodynamics 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 01 natural sciences 0104 chemical sciences Freezing point law.invention law 0210 nano-technology Supercooling Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics |
| Zdroj: | SpringerPlus |
| ISSN: | 2193-1801 |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s40064-016-2196-3 |
| Popis: | Freezing, melting, evaporation and condensation of water are essential ingredients for climate and eventually life on Earth. In the present work, we show how surface freezing of supercooled water in an open container is conditioned and triggered—exclusively—by humidity in air. Additionally, a change of phase is demonstrated to be triggered on the water surface forming surface ice crystals prior to freezing of bulk. The symmetry of the surface crystal, as well as the freezing point, depend on humidity, presenting at least three different types of surface crystals. Humidity triggers surface freezing as soon as it overpasses a defined value for a given temperature, generating a plurality of nucleation nodes. An evidence of simultaneous nucleation of surface ice crystals is also provided. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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