α-Hydroxyisocaproic Acid Decreases Protein Synthesis but Attenuates TNFα/IFNγ Co-Exposure-Induced Protein Degradation and Myotube Atrophy via Suppression of iNOS and IL-6 in Murine C2C12 Myotube
| Autor: | Koichiro Sumi, Misato Sakuda, Ashida Kinya, Kentaro Nakamura, Kinuyo Munakata |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
MAPK/ERK pathway AMPK Cachexia protein synthesis Muscle Fibers Skeletal Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II AMP-Activated Protein Kinases Mice 0302 clinical medicine TNFα TX341-641 Phosphorylation Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases Nutrition and Dietetics Myogenesis Chemistry Methylhistidines iNOS Muscular Atrophy ERK medicine.anatomical_structure Tumor necrosis factor alpha medicine.medical_specialty Down-Regulation Protein degradation Article Cell Line Interferon-gamma 03 medical and health sciences Atrophy atrophy Internal medicine medicine Animals Caproates IL-6 Nutrition. Foods and food supply Interleukin-6 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Skeletal muscle 030229 sport sciences medicine.disease α-hydroxyisocaproic acid 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology Protein Biosynthesis Proteolysis myotube Interferon-γ Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients Volume 13 Issue 7 Nutrients, Vol 13, Iss 2391, p 2391 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| Popis: | There is ongoing debate as to whether or not α-hydroxyisocaproic acid (HICA) positively regulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis resulting in the gain or maintenance of skeletal muscle. We investigated the effects of HICA on mouse C2C12 myotubes under normal conditions and during cachexia induced by co-exposure to TNFα and IFNγ. The phosphorylation of AMPK or ERK1/2 was significantly altered 30 min after HICA treatment under normal conditions. The basal protein synthesis rates measured by a deuterium-labeling method were significantly lowered by the HICA treatment under normal and cachexic conditions. Conversely, myotube atrophy induced by TNFα/IFNγ co-exposure was significantly improved by the HICA pretreatment, and this improvement was accompanied by the inhibition of iNOS expression and IL-6 production. Moreover, HICA also suppressed the TNFα/IFNγ co-exposure-induced secretion of 3-methylhistidine. These results demonstrated that HICA decreases basal protein synthesis under normal or cachexic conditions however, HICA might attenuate skeletal muscle atrophy via maintaining a low level of protein degradation under cachexic conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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