Impact of the Fukushima accident on tritium, radiocarbon and radiocesium levels in seawater of the western North Pacific Ocean: A comparison with pre-Fukushima situation

Autor: Pavel P. Povinec, Philippe Jean-Baptiste, Mihály Molnár, L. Palcsu, Laval Liong Wee Kwong, Mia Khanh Pham, J. Kaizer, Laszlo Papp, Hartmut Nies
Přispěvatelé: Comenius University in Bratislava, Marine Environment Laboratories [Monaco] (IAEA-MEL), International Atomic Energy Agency [Vienna] (IAEA), Institute for Nuclear Research [Budapest] (ATOMKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency [Hamburg] (BSH), Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure [Berlin] (BMVI), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
Zdroj: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2017, 166 (Part 1), pp.56-66. ⟨10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.02.027⟩
Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Elsevier, 2017, 166 (Part 1), pp.56-66. ⟨10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.02.027⟩
ISSN: 0265-931X
1879-1700
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2016.02.027⟩
Popis: International audience; Tritium, radiocarbon and radiocesium concentrations in water column samples in coastal waters offshore Fukushima and in the western North Pacific Ocean collected in 2011–2012 during the Ka'imikai-o-Kanaloa (KoK) cruise are compared with other published results. The highest levels in surface seawater were observed for 134Cs and 137Cs in seawater samples collected offshore Fukushima (up to 1.1 Bq L−1), which represent an increase by about three orders of magnitude when compared with the pre-Fukushima concentration. Tritium levels were much lower (up to 0.15 Bq L−1), representing an increase by about a factor of 6. The impact on the radiocarbon distribution was measurable, but the observed levels were only by about 9% above the global fallout background. The 137Cs (and similarly 134Cs) inventory in the water column of the investigated western North Pacific region was (2.7 ± 0.4) PBq, while for 3H it was only (0.3 ± 0.2) PBq. Direct releases of highly contaminated water from the damaged Fukushima NPP, as well as dry and wet depositions of these radionuclides over the western North Pacific considerably changed their distribution patterns in seawater. Presently we can distinguish Fukushima labeled waters from global fallout background thanks to short-lived 134Cs. However, in the long-term perspective when 134Cs will decay, new distribution patterns of 3H, 14C and 137Cs in the Pacific Ocean should be established for future oceanographic and climate change studies in the Pacific Ocean.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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