MXD1 is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Specific Molecular Change and Tumor Microenvironment Feature in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
| Autor: | Feng Du, Xiaodong Zhang, Dezuo Dong, Jun Jia |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
mutational profile medicine.medical_treatment Biology Downregulation and upregulation Databases Genetic medicine Biomarkers Tumor Tumor Microenvironment MXD1 Humans Clinical significance RC254-282 Neoplasm Staging Proportional Hazards Models Messenger RNA Tumor microenvironment Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors Gene Expression Profiling Computational Biology Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens Immunotherapy Prognosis Immunohistochemistry Survival Analysis NFE2L2 digestive system diseases esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Repressor Proteins Oncology Mutation Cancer research Original Article Disease Susceptibility Transcriptome CD8 |
| Zdroj: | Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment, Vol 20 (2021) Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment |
| ISSN: | 1533-0338 |
| Popis: | Background: Identification of novel biomarkers is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to reveal the clinical significance and molecular characteristics of MYC-associated factor X dimerization protein 1 (MXD1) in ESCC. Patients and methods: We collected 3 ESCC cohorts to investigate the effect of MXD1 on clinical outcomes. In addition, we compared and analyzed the possible transcription changes between MXD1-low and MXD1-high ESCC patients using bioinformatics. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to confirm the potential impact of MXD1 on the prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Results: MXD1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was significantly lower in tumors than in normal tissues. Low expression of MXD1 in ESCC was associated with a more aggressive tumor stage and worse prognosis at both the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, MXD1-low ESCC showed upregulation of epithelial–mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix-related gene sets, and significantly higher NFE2L2 and KIAA1324L mutation frequencies. In contrast, MXD1-high ESCC showed upregulation of tumor differentiation and immune-related gene sets. Furthermore, the CIBERSORT approach showed that high expression of MXD1 was associated with a higher proportion of neutrophils but a lower proportion of M2 macrophages. At the protein level, MXD1 expression was positively correlated with programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PDL1) and CD8 expression. In silico analysis predicted that MXD1-high ESCC was more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. Conclusion: This study suggests that MXD1 is a crucial prognostic factor in ESCC patients and is closely associated with specific transcriptional changes and TIME features. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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