The effect of diet-induced serum hypercholesterolemia on the surfactant system and the development of lung injury
| Autor: | Scott Milos, Li-Juan Yao, Cory Yamashita, Yi Y. Zuo, Joshua Qua Hiansen, Lynda McCaig, Brandon J H Banaschewski, Ruud A. W. Veldhuizen, James F. Lewis |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty ARDS Biophysics Surfactant system Lung injury Biochemistry 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Pulmonary surfactant Internal medicine medicine Lung Surface tension Cholesterol medicine.disease Serum hypercholesterolemia 3. Good health 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology 030228 respiratory system chemistry Immunology Breathing Physiological monitoring lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Research Article |
| Zdroj: | Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports |
| ISSN: | 2405-5808 |
| Popis: | Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a pulmonary disorder associated with alterations to the pulmonary surfactant system. Recent studies showed that supra-physiological levels of cholesterol in surfactant contribute to impaired function. Since cholesterol is incorporated into surfactant within the alveolar type II cells which derives its cholesterol from serum, it was hypothesized that serum hypercholesterolemia would predispose the host to the development of lung injury due to alterations of cholesterol content in the surfactant system. Wistar rats were randomized to a standard lab diet or a high cholesterol diet for 17–20 days. Animals were then exposed to one of three models of lung injury: i) acid aspiration ii) ventilation induced lung injury, and iii) surfactant depletion. Following physiological monitoring, lungs were lavaged to obtain and analyze the surfactant system. The physiological results showed there was no effect of the high cholesterol diet on the severity of lung injury in any of the three models of injury. There was also no effect of the diet on surfactant cholesterol composition. Rats fed a high cholesterol diet had a significant impairment in surface tension reducing capabilities of isolated surfactant compared to those fed a standard diet exposed to the surfactant depletion injury. In addition, only rats that were exposed to ventilation induced lung injury had elevated levels of surfactant associated cholesterol compared to non-injured rats. It is concluded that serum hypercholesterolemia does not predispose rats to altered surfactant cholesterol composition or to lung injury. Elevated cholesterol within surfactant may be a marker for ventilation induced lung damage. Graphical abstract fx1 Highlights • Hypercholesterolemia in rats did not alter the susceptibility to lung injury. • Elevated cholesterol within surfactant is observed in ventilation induced lung injury. • Increases in surfactant-associated cholesterol depend on the type of lung injury. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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