T-helper cell responses to HIV envelope peptides in cord blood: protection against intrapartum and breast-feeding transmission
| Autor: | Mario Clerici, Hoosen M. Coovadia, Moodley D, Daria Trabattoni, Gene M. Shearer, Louise Kuhn, Zena Stein, Nolwandle Mngqundaniso, Anna Coutsoudis |
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| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
Cellular immunity
Immunology Population Umbilical cord Cell Line Mice Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Pregnancy Risk Factors Immunopathology HIV Seropositivity Immunology and Allergy Medicine Animals Humans Prospective Studies Phytohemagglutinins Pregnancy Complications Infectious education Cells Cultured education.field_of_study biology business.industry Infant Newborn virus diseases Gene Products env Infant T-Lymphocytes Helper-Inducer Th1 Cells biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Fetal Blood Virology Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Breast Feeding Influenza A virus Cord blood Lentivirus HIV-1 Female business Peptides Breast feeding Cell Division |
| Zdroj: | AIDS (London, England). 15(1) |
| ISSN: | 0269-9370 |
| Popis: | Acquired HIV-specific cell-mediated immune responses have been to observed in exposed-uninfected individuals and it has been inferred but not demonstrated that these responses constitute a part of natural protective immunity to HIV. This inference was tested prospectively in the natural exposure setting of maternal- infant HIV transmission in a predominantly breast-fed population. Cord blood from infants of HIV-seropositive women in Durban South Africa were tested for in vitro reactivity to a cocktail of HIV envelope peptides (Env) using a bioassay measuring interleukin-2 production in a murine cell line. Infants were followed with repeat HIV ribonucleic acid (RNA) tests up to 18 months of age to establish which ones acquired HIV-infection. T-helper cell responses to Env were detected in 33 out of 86 (38%) cord blood samples from infants of HIV-seropositive women and in none of 9 samples from seronegative women (P = 0.02). Among infants of HIV- seropositive mothers 3 out of 33 with T-helper responses to Env were already infected before delivery (HIV RNA positive on the day of birth) 2 were lost to follow-up and none of the others (out of 28) were found to be HIV infected on subsequent tests. In comparison 6 out of 53 infants unresponsive to Env were infected before delivery and 8 out of 47 (17%) of the others were found to have acquired HIV infection intrapartum or postpartum through breast-feeding (P = 0.02). T-helper cell responses to HIV envelope peptides were detected in more than one-third of newborns of HIV-infected; no new infections were acquired by these infants at the time of delivery or postnatally through breast-feeding if these T-helper cell responses were detected in cord blood. (authors) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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