Human resident gut microbe Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron regulates colonic neuronal innervation and neurogenic function
Autor: | Régis Stentz, Arlaine Brion, Simon R. Carding, Andrew J. Goldson, Rubina Aktar, Madusha Peiris, Ashley Blackshaw, Lucas Baumard, Aimee Parker, Nabil Parkar |
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Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical) Colon gut microbiome Biology digestive system Microbiology Tight Junctions Mice 03 medical and health sciences enteric nervous system 0302 clinical medicine colonic motility Neuroplasticity Animals Claudin-3 neuronal plasticity lcsh:RC799-869 Neurons digestive oral and skin physiology Gastroenterology Toll-Like Receptor 2 Gut microbiome Gastrointestinal Microbiome Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms Cell biology Mice Inbred C57BL 030104 developmental biology Infectious Diseases lcsh:Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology Enteric nervous system Nitric Oxide Synthase Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Colonic motility bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Function (biology) Research Article Research Paper |
Zdroj: | Gut Microbes, Vol 11, Iss 6, Pp 1745-1757 (2020) Gut Microbes article-version (VoR) Version of Record |
ISSN: | 1949-0984 1949-0976 |
Popis: | Background and aims As the importance of gut–brain interactions increases, understanding how specific gut microbes interact with the enteric nervous system (ENS), which is the first point of neuronal exposure becomes critical. Our aim was to understand how the dominant human gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bt) regulates anatomical and functional characteristics of the ENS. Methods Neuronal cell populations, as well as enteroendocrine cells, were assessed in proximal colonic sections using fluorescent immunohistochemistry in specific pathogen-free (SPF), germ-free (GF) and Bt conventionalized-germ-free mice (Bt-CONV). RNA expression of tight junction proteins and toll-like receptors (TLR) were measured using qPCR. Colonic motility was analyzed using in vitro colonic manometry. Results Decreased neuronal and vagal afferent innervation observed in GF mice was normalized by Bt-CONV with increased neuronal staining in mucosa and myenteric plexus. Bt-CONV also restored expression of nitric oxide synthase expressing inhibitory neurons and of choline acetyltransferase and substance P expressing excitatory motor neurons comparable to those of SPF mice. Neurite outgrowth and glial cells were upregulated by Bt-CONV. RNA expression of tight junction protein claudin 3 was downregulated while TLR2 was upregulated by Bt-CONV. The enteroendocrine cell subtypes L-cells and enterochromaffin cells were reduced in GF mice, with Bt-CONV restoring L-cell numbers. Motility as measured by colonic migrating motor complexes (CMMCs) increased in GF and Bt-CONV. Conclusion Bt, common gut bacteria, is critical in regulating enteric neuronal and enteroendocrine cell populations, and neurogenic colonic activity. This highlights the potential use of this resident gut bacteria for maintaining healthy gut function. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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