Labour market marginalisation in young adults diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a population-based longitudinal cohort study in Sweden
| Autor: | Antti Tanskanen, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Klas Gustafsson, Lisa Ekselius, Syed Rahman, Magnus Helgesson, Emma Björkenstam, Heidi Taipale |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
unemployment
medicine.medical_specialty sick leave Population based 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine ADHD anxiety disorder Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Young adult Longitudinal cohort Psychiatry disability pension Applied Psychology labour market marginalisation business.industry stress disorder Public Health Global Health Social Medicine and Epidemiology medicine.disease 030227 psychiatry Folkhälsovetenskap global hälsa socialmedicin och epidemiologi Psychiatry and Mental health attention deficit hyperactivity disorder depression business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Psychological Medicine. 53:1224-1232 |
| ISSN: | 1469-8978 0033-2917 |
| Popis: | BackgroundThe objective of this population-based register study was (1) to investigate the association between young adults diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and subsequent labour market marginalisation (LMM) in two comparison groups, i.e. matched young adults from the general population without ADHD and unaffected siblings to persons with ADHD and (2) to assess the role of comorbid disorders.MethodsThis study included all young adults in Sweden, aged 19–29 years, with an incident diagnosis of ADHD 2006–2011 (n = 9718). Crude and multivariate sex-stratified hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were measured 5 years after the diagnosis of ADHD for the risk of disability pension, long-term sickness absence (SA) (>90 days), long-term unemployment (>180 days) and a combined measure of all three in young adults with ADHD compared to their siblings without ADHD and a matched comparison group.ResultsIn the adjusted analyses young adults with ADHD had a 10-fold higher risk of disability pension (HR = 10.2; CI 9.3–11.2), a nearly three-fold higher risk of long-term SA (HR = 2.7; CI 2.5–2.8) and a 70% higher risk of long-term unemployment (HR = 1.7; CI 1.6–1.8) compared to the matched comparison group. The risk estimates were lower compared to siblings for disability pension (HR = 9.0; CI 6.6–12.3) and long-term SA (HR = 2.5; CI 2.1–3.1) but higher in the long-term unemployed (HR = 1.9; CI 1.6–2.1). Comorbid disorders explained about one-third of the association between ADHD and disability pension, but less regarding SA and long-term unemployment.ConclusionsYoung adults with ADHD have a high risk for different measures of LMM and comorbidities explain only a small proportion of this relationship. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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