Sub-lethal effects induced by a mixture of different pharmaceutical drugs in predicted environmentally relevant concentrations on Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) (Anura, ranidae) tadpoles
| Autor: | Guilherme Malafaia, Mateus Flores Montalvão, Bruna de Oliveira Mendes, Amanda Pereira da Costa Araújo, Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues, Diogo Ferreira do Amaral |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Drug
Erythrocytes Ranidae medicine.drug_class Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis media_common.quotation_subject Antibiotics Zoology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Anxiolytic Toxicity Tests medicine Environmental Chemistry Ecotoxicology Animals Swimming 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common Larva Rana catesbeiana biology Lithobates Physalaemus cuvieri General Medicine biology.organism_classification Pollution Mutagenesis Environmental toxicology Anura Water Pollutants Chemical Mutagens |
| Zdroj: | Environmental science and pollution research international. 26(1) |
| ISSN: | 1614-7499 |
| Popis: | The increasing consumption of medications by humans has negative effects such as the increased disposal of these compounds in the environment. Little is known about how the disposal of a “drug mix” (DM) in aquatic ecosystems can affect their biota. Thus, we evaluated whether the exposure of Lithobates casteibeianus tadpoles to a DM composed of different medication classes (antibiotic, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, anxiolytic, analgesic, and antacid drugs)—at environmentally relevant concentrations—may change their oral morphology, trigger behavioral disorders, and have mutagenic effects on erythrocyte cells. Based on our data, animals exposed to the DM showed changes in mandibular sheath pigmentation, dentition, and swimming activity, as well as atypical behavior in the social aggregation test [with co-specific and interspecific (Physalaemus cuvieri) individuals] and antipredatory defensive response deficit (chemical stimulus from Odonata larvae), after 15 exposure days. The mutagenic analysis revealed higher frequency of nuclear abnormalities in the erythrocytes of tadpoles exposed to the DM (e.g., multilobulated, blebbed, kidney-shaped, notched nucleus, binuclear, and micronucleated erythrocytes). Given the chemical complexity of the DM, we assumed that several organic functions may have been affected, either by the isolated, synergistic, antagonistic, or additive action of DM compounds. Finally, our study confirms the toxicological potential of DM in L. catesbeianus tadpoles, with emphasis to impacts that can affect the fitness of individuals and their natural populations. Thus, we suggest that more attention should be given to the disposal of medications in the environment and reinforce the need of improving water and sewage treatment systems. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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