Hemokinin-1(4-11)-Induced Analgesia Selectively Up-Regulates δ-Opioid Receptor Expression in Mice
| Autor: | Lu Yan, Tao Jin, Xiao-Zhou Mou, Caiyun Fu, Teng-Fei Zhang, Shi-Fu Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Yu, Xia Ruilong |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Central Nervous System
Male Anatomy and Physiology Pro-Opiomelanocortin medicine.drug_class Cognitive Neuroscience Blotting Western Central nervous system Receptors Opioid mu lcsh:Medicine Pain Gene Expression Pharmacology Neurological System Behavioral Neuroscience Downregulation and upregulation Anesthesiology Opioid receptor Naltrindole Receptors Opioid delta Tachykinins Gene expression medicine Pain Management Animals Humans Protein Precursors lcsh:Science Receptor Biology Injections Intraventricular Mice Inbred ICR Multidisciplinary Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction lcsh:R Antagonist Animal Cognition Peptide Fragments Up-Regulation medicine.anatomical_structure Neurology Opioid Medicine lcsh:Q Female Analgesia Research Article Neuroscience medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 2, p e90446 (2014) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0090446 |
| Popis: | Our previous studies have shown that an active fragment of human tachykinins (hHK-1(4-11)) produced an opioid-independent analgesia after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection in mice, which has been markedly enhanced by a δ OR antagonist, naltrindole hydrochloride (NTI). In this study, we have further characterized the in vivo analgesia after i.c.v. injection of hHK-1(4-11) in mouse model. Our qRT-PCR results showed that the mRNA levels of several ligands and receptors (e.g. PPT-A, PPT-C, KOR, PDYN and PENK) have not changed significantly. Furthermore, neither transcription nor expression of NK1 receptor, MOR and POMC have changed noticeably. In contrast, both mRNA and protein levels of DOR have been up-regulated significantly, indicating that the enhanced expression of δ opioid receptor negatively modulates the analgesia induced by i.c.v. injection of hHK-1(4-11). Additionally, the combinatorial data from our previous and present experiments strongly suggest that the discriminable distribution sites in the central nervous system between hHK-1(4-11) and r/mHK-1 may be attributed to their discriminable analgesic effects. Altogether, our findings will not only contribute to the understanding of the complicated mechanisms regarding the nociceptive modulation of hemokinin-1 as well as its active fragments at supraspinal level, but may also lead to novel pharmacological interventions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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