Genome-based transmission modelling separates imported tuberculosis from recent transmission within an immigrant population
| Autor: | Vegard Eldholm, Kristian Alfsnes, Nadia Debech, Anne Torunn Mengshoel, Rikard Rykkvin, Diepreye Ayabina, Ulf R Dahle, Gunnstein Norheim, Ola Brønstad Brynildsrud, Janne O. Rønning, Caroline Colijn, Trude Margrete Arnesen |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty Tuberculosis Genotype Microbial Evolution and Epidemiology: Communicable Disease Genomics media_common.quotation_subject Immigration Emigrants and Immigrants transmission modelling Disease cluster law.invention Mycobacterium tuberculosis 03 medical and health sciences Data sequences 0302 clinical medicine law Epidemiology medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Immigrant population 030304 developmental biology media_common 0303 health sciences Whole Genome Sequencing biology Norway Incidence (epidemiology) Recent transmission General Medicine medicine.disease biology.organism_classification 3. Good health genome sequencing 030104 developmental biology Geography Transmission (mechanics) tuberculosis Africa Female 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Research Article immigration Demography |
| Zdroj: | Microbial Genomics |
| Popis: | BackgroundIn many countries tuberculosis incidence is low and largely shaped by immigrant populations from high-burden countries. This is the case in Norway, where more than 80 per cent of TB cases are found among immigrants from high-incidence countries. A variable latent period, low rates of evolution and structured social networks make separating import from within-border transmission a major conundrum to TB-control efforts in many low-incidence countries.MethodsClinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates belonging to an unusually large genotype cluster associated with people born in the Horn of Africa, have been identified in Norway over the last two decades. We applied modeled transmission based on whole-genome sequence data to estimate infection times for individual patients. By contrasting these estimates with time of arrival in Norway, we estimate on a case-by-case basis whether patients were likely to have been infected before or after arrival.ResultsIndependent import was responsible for the majority of cases, but we estimate that about a quarter of the patients had contracted TB in Norway.ConclusionsThis study illuminates the transmission dynamics within an immigrant community. Our approach is broadly applicable to many settings where TB control programs can benefit from understanding when and where patients acquired tuberculosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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