Distribution of enzymes in cell-free yeast extracts
| Autor: | P. M. Nossal |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1954 |
| Předmět: |
chemistry.chemical_classification
History biology Cytoplasmic inclusion Cell Saccharomyces cerevisiae Articles Mitochondrion biology.organism_classification Yeast Enzymes Computer Science Applications Education medicine.anatomical_structure Enzyme Yeast Dried chemistry Biochemistry medicine Intracellular |
| Zdroj: | Biochemical Journal. 57:62-69 |
| ISSN: | 0306-3283 |
| DOI: | 10.1042/bj0570062 |
| Popis: | The evidence for the existence of 'mitochondria' in micro-organisms has been growing, but the criteria for thus naming cytoplasmic inclusions are by no means clear. From the biochemical point of view, mitochondria are generally considered to be sites of oxido-reduction and of organized oxidations. The 'cyclophorase' complex in the mitochondria of animal cells studied by Green and his School (Green, Loomis & Auerbach, 1948) has never been demonstrated in micro-organisms, although it has recently been found in plants (Millerd, Bonner, Axelrod & Bandurski, 1951). The failure to prepare cell-free, actively respiring yeast extracts contributes to the continuing controversy about the main respiratory mechanism of this micro-organism (cf. Krebs, Gurin & Eggleston, 1952; Martius & Lynen, 1950; and Foulkes, 1951). Methods used so far for preparing yeast extracts are probably such that the intracellular organization of enzymes, and therefore organized oxidation systems, are destroyed during cell disintegration. We have developed an ultra-rapid mechanical shaker which disintegrates 2 g. yeast almost entirely within 90 sec. (Nossal, 1953a). We failed to prepared actively respiring yeast 'mitochondria' with this machine. However, the results reported here show that the distribution of enzymes in the cell-free extracts is not unlike that in extracts of animal cells: dehydrogenases are found largely associated with the granular fraction when the extracts are prepared by very brief disintegration. While the work was in progress, Hirsch (1952) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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