Laser surgery reveals the biomechanical and chemical signaling functions of aphid siphunculi (cornicles)

Autor: Craig R. Brodersen, Serine Alfaress, Michael E. Rogers, El-Desouky Ammar, Nabil Killiny
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
Leaves
Citrus
Defence mechanisms
lcsh:Medicine
Plant Science
01 natural sciences
Biochemistry
Pheromones
Mass Spectrometry
Predation
Analytical Chemistry
Spectrum Analysis Techniques
Electron Microscopy
lcsh:Science
media_common
Aphid
Microscopy
Multidisciplinary
biology
Plant Anatomy
Chemical signaling
Chromatographic Techniques
Longevity
Eukaryota
Plants
Biological Evolution
Aphis
Insects
Chemistry
Optical Equipment
Physical Sciences
Pheromone
Engineering and Technology
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Laser Therapy
Research Article
Arthropod Antennae
Arthropoda
media_common.quotation_subject
Zoology
Equipment
Research and Analysis Methods
010603 evolutionary biology
Competition (biology)
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Alarm Pheromones
Fruits
Laser Beams
03 medical and health sciences
Animals
Lasers
lcsh:R
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
X-Ray Microtomography
biology.organism_classification
Invertebrates
030104 developmental biology
Aphids
Microscopy
Electron
Scanning
lcsh:Q
Zdroj: PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 13, Iss 10, p e0204984 (2018)
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Aphids are an attractive food source to many predators and parasitoids because of their small size, soft bodies and slow movement. To combat predation, aphids evolved both behavioral and chemical defensive mechanisms that are operated via siphunculi (cornicles), differently developed structures that more or less extend from their abdomen. Although both direct and indirect linkages between siphunculi and their defensive mechanisms have been explored, their ultimate effects on aphid fitness are still broadly debated. To explicitly test the influence of siphunculi on brown citrus aphid, Aphis (Toxoptera) citricida (Kirkaldy), fitness, we razor-cut and laser-sealed the siphunculi. Siphunculi removal resulted in two distinct behavior modifications, (false aggregation and increased drop-off rates) that led to decreased survival and the loss of the ability to right themselves from an inverted position. These results together indicate that siphunculi play an important role in survival, and removal of these organs will have negative effect on aphid fitness. Furthermore, results suggested that released alarm pheromone may play an important role in communication among aphid clone-mate, and omitting it results in miscommunication and competition among clonemates. These findings will help in better understanding the aphid biology.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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